August cork
August cork ( Estonian : August cork ; Russian Август Иванович Корк * 22;; August Ivanovich cork jul. / 3. August 1887 greg. In Aardla at Dorpat , Russian Empire ; † 12. June 1937 in Moscow , USSR shot) was a Estonian revolutionary and Soviet officer and diplomat.
Life
Kork was an officer in the Tsarist army and graduated from the General Staff Academy. From February 1917 he served as a staff officer in the headquarters of the Western Front during the First World War . He joined the Bolshevik Movement and joined the Red Army in 1918 . In the Russian Civil War he served first as Chief of Staff of the Red Army in Estonia , then as Deputy Commander of the 7th Red Army. In July 1919, Kork became the commander of the 15th Red Army and headed the defense of the White Guards under General Nikolai Yudenich during the defense of Petrograd . He then led the 15th Army on Tukhachevsky's Western Front in the Polish-Soviet War and was thrown back by the Poles in the Battle of the Vistula . On October 26, 1920 he was given command of the 6th Red Army, which defeated the last intact White Army under General Wrangel in the Crimea .
After the civil war, Kork took command of the Kharkov Military District and became deputy commander of the Red Forces in Crimea. In October 1922 he led the fight against the rebels of Basmachi in Turkestan . In 1925 he commanded the Caucasus Army, between May 1927 and May 1928 he led the Leningrad Military District. In June 1928 he was sent to Berlin as a Soviet military attaché . Since 1927 he was a member of the Communist Party of Russia (B) ( РКП (б) ). From 1929 to 1935 he was commander-in-chief of the Moscow military district and from 1935 on, as the highest-ranking Estonian officer in the Red Army, he was appointed head of the military academy "MW Frunze" .
In the course of the Stalin purges he was arrested on May 14, 1937 and shot in Moscow on June 12 of the same year .
Awards
- Russian Order of Saint Stanislaus , 3rd class (May 8, 1914)
- Order of the Red Banner
- Revolutionary Honor Weapon (November 25, 1920)
literature
- Manfred Zeidler : Reichswehr and Red Army 1920–1933. Paths and stations of an unusual collaboration (= contributions to military history , volume 36). R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-486-55966-4 (dissertation, University of Frankfurt am Main 1990, 374 [16] pages, illustrations).
- T. Tender: Army commander August Kork . Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, Tallinn 1962, OCLC 175029762 (Estonian).
Web links
- Корк Август Иванович (short biography) (Russian)
- Корк (detailed biography) (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ berkovich-zametki.com (Russian)
- ↑ Manfred Zeidler: Reichswehr and Red Army , p. 240. ( Online at Google Books )
- ↑ Source for the awards (Russian)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Cork, August |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Корк, А́вгуст Ива́нович (Russian); Kork, August Ivanovich |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Estonian revolutionary and Soviet officer, Commander-in-Chief of the Moscow Military District (1929-1935) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 3, 1887 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Aardla near Dorpat , Russian Empire |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 12, 1937 |
| Place of death | Moscow |