Bohemianism
Böhmakeln (also: "Kuchldeutsch") is spoken Austrian German with a striking " Bohemian " accent .
It does not necessarily matter whether the complaining person really comes from Bohemia . Also Moravians and Slovaks had the accent and were sometimes referred to in Austria as Bohemia. Typically, the speakers were representatives of the lower social classes who worked in a German-speaking environment, for example as domestic help or in the military.
Boehmakeln was of particular importance in Vienna, as a large proportion of Czechs and Slovaks who had immigrated in the course of industrialization once lived there.
The striking accent of the working population of Czech origin, who mainly concentrated on the 10th Viennese district, Favoriten , with the brickworks there (" Ziegelböhm "), is also said to have a formative influence on the Viennese dialect : The Meidlinger L is supposedly derived from Czech .
The deviating pronunciation of the German umlauts is typical of boehmakeln . The ö becomes the short e (the proverbial "bemischen Knedel" instead of the "Bohemian Knödel"), while a ü is pronounced like an i ( "missen" instead of "must")
In cabaret, film and television, characters often emerged who complained . The most famous of these figures is the good soldier Schwejk . The masters of imitated bohemianism were actors like Peter Alexander , Maxi Böhm , Heinz Conrads and Fritz Muliar, as well as Lutz Jahoda, who was born in Brno, and the cabaret artist Georg Kreisler . Heinz Rühmann , who had to embody the character of Schwejk in a feature film, but hardly mastered the art of bohemianism , had to be taught by Fritz Muliar (who had a small supporting role as a Russian soldier in this film) according to an anecdote .
literature
- Bettina Morcinek, Veronika Opletalová, Helmut Glück , Karsten Rinas : Learning German 'from below': Boehmakeln and Kuchldeutsch . Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2016, ISBN 978-3-447-10617-7 .
- Friedrich Torberg : Appendix: When there was still booing. 1971, in: Friedrich Torberg: Aunt Jolesch and Aunt Jolesch's heirs (double volume). Langen Müller Verlag , Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-7844-3139-0 , pp. 615-620