BDŽ series 03
| BDŽ series 03 | |
|---|---|
| Numbering: | BDŽ 03.01 - 03.12 |
| Number: | 12 |
| Manufacturer: | Henschel , Kassel |
| Year of construction (s): | 1941-43 |
| Retirement: | until 1979 |
| Axis formula : | 2'D1 'h3 |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 23,105 mm |
| Height: | 4,580 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | 11,500 mm |
| Wheelbase with tender: | 19,605 mm |
| Service mass: | 108.2 t |
| Service mass with tender: | 179.2 t |
| Friction mass: | 69.2 t |
| Top speed: | 100 km / h |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,650 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 1,000 mm |
| Rear wheel diameter: | 1,250 mm |
| Control type : | Heusinger |
| Number of cylinders: | 3 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 500 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 700 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 16 bar |
| Grate area: | 4.87 m² |
| Superheater area : | 81.9 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 224.1 m² |
| Tender: | 2'2 ' |
| Service weight of the tender: | 71.0 t |
| Water supply: | 28 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 13 t |
| Brake: | Westinghouse air brake handbrake |
| Control: | Heusinger |
The steam locomotives of the BDŽ class 03 were procured by the Bulgarian state railway BDŽ as part of their standard program in the years 1941 to 1943. The locomotives with a tender with the wheel arrangement 2'D1 '(type " Mountain ") were intended for express train and passenger traffic. They were built by the German Henschel locomotive factory.
history
At the end of the 1920s, the BDŽ, inspired by the standard steam locomotives of the Deutsche Reichsbahn , decided in future to base their procurement on their building principles. Essential elements of the new series 01 , 02 and 10 and 46 , initially acquired from 1931 , were the abandonment of the compound steam engine typical of Bulgarian locomotives in favor of simpler twin and triple designs as well as largely standardized boiler designs and fittings.
In 1939, the BDŽ finally established its own standard locomotive program. Of the series introduced so far, only series 46 and 48 should be ordered. Due to the positive experience with the class 02, which was designed as a three-cylinder locomotive, all classes, with the exception of the shunting locomotives, were planned as three-cylinder locomotives. The following series were planned for procurement in the future:
- 2'D1 'steam locomotive with a tender for express and passenger trains, BD® class 03
- 2'C1 'steam locomotive with a tender for express and express trains, BDŽ series 05 (until 1942 series 07)
- 2'E steam locomotive with a tender for heavy passenger and freight trains, BD® class 11
- 1'C2 'tank locomotive for passenger trains on branch lines
- 1'D2 'tank locomotive for express and passenger trains on short routes, BDŽ class 36
- 1'E2 'tank locomotive for freight trains on branch lines
- 1'F2 'tank locomotive for heavy freight trains, BDŽ class 46
- C1 'tank locomotive for station services
- D1 'tank locomotive for shunting services, BD® class 48
Due to the outbreak of the Second World War , the BDŽ procurement program was only partially implemented and only a part of the nine planned series was procured between 1941 and 1943. A total of 52 locomotives of the 03, 05/07, 11, 36 and 46 series came to the BDŽ, after the war three more locomotives of the 48 series followed. In the absence of their own locomotive factories, all locomotives were designed and supplied by German manufacturers.
The Mountain of the 03 series was designed as the successor to the 01 and 02 series. It is one of the few series with this wheel arrangement used on a larger scale in Europe. According to the specifications of the standard program, your boiler is identical to the 11 series and the second series of the 46 series, the changes compared to the 01, 02 and 10 series were minimal. The boiler was based on the building principles of the German standard locomotives, but was given a comparatively large grate surface in order to use local coal with a lower calorific value .
Henschel delivered the first two locomotives with the serial numbers 25931 and 25932 in 1941. In the following year ten more locomotives with serial numbers 26566 to 26575 came, the last two were not delivered until the beginning of 1943. Further locomotives had been ordered; the numbers 03.13 to 03.28 were already planned for 16 locomotives. In the German Reich, however, in the course of the war-economy concentration of production, the conversion to exclusive production of war locomotives was operated. The war economy saw no more space for small export series. In July 1942, the Main Committee on Rail Vehicles , headed by Gerhard Degenkolb , ordered a restriction of the vehicle catalog still permitted for German locomotive factories to three steam locomotive types for mainline railways . Only vehicles that had already started could still be finished, with Bulgaria still receiving preferential treatment as an ally of the Third Reich . The delivery of the 03 series therefore ended in 1943.
All 12 locomotives survived the war and were used by the BDŽ on their most important routes after 1945. They mainly hauled heavy express trains and passenger trains on the mountain routes starting from Gorna Orjachowiza in the direction of Pleven and Varna . The series was retired by the end of the 1970s.
The last class 03 locomotive built, 03.12, has been preserved as a BDŽ museum locomotive that has been operational again since 2011 and is used for special trips.
literature
- Dimiter Dejanow: The locomotives of the Bulgarian State Railways . Slezak, Vienna 1990, ISBN 3-85416-150-6
- AE Durrant: The Steam Locomotives of Eastern Europe , David & Charles, Newton Abbot, ISBN 0-7153-4077-8
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dimiter Dejanow: The locomotives of the Bulgarian State Railways . Slezak, Vienna 1990, p. 44
- ↑ Dimiter Dejanow: The locomotives of the Bulgarian State Railways . Slezak, Vienna 1990, p. 58
- ^ AE Durrant: The Steam Locomotives of Eastern Europe , David & Charles, Newton Abbot, ISBN 0-7153-4077-8 , p. 68
- ^ Alfred B. Gottwaldt : German War Locomotives 1939-1945: Locomotives, Wagons, Armored Trains and Railway Guns , 3rd edition, Franckh'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-440-05160-9 , p. 50
- ^ AE Durrant: The Steam Locomotives of Eastern Europe , David & Charles, Newton Abbot, ISBN 0-7153-4077-8 , p. 69
- ↑ cf. For example, the report on a special trip in Lok-Report 10/2013, p. 46 ff.