BAT conclusions

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With BAT conclusions documents are referred to which the best available techniques (BAT) to reduce emissions in the industrial plants of industry describe.

BAT conclusions are based on the regulations of the European Industrial Emissions Directive (Directive 2010/75 / EU), which is called Industrial Emissions Directive and is often abbreviated as IED . BAT conclusions define the state of the art in the European Union for all plants that are affected by the Industrial Emissions Directive . They serve as binding reference documents for permits. So far, the European Commission has only published binding BAT conclusions for a few industries.

Creation process and commitment

The documents arise as conclusions from the much more extensive BAT reference documents of the European Commission . BAT reference sheets describe an industry with its typical production processes, environmental pollution and emission control techniques as well as the costs and environmental impacts associated with the techniques.

Only techniques appear in BAT conclusions that

  • have been developed on a scale that enables their application, taking into account the cost / benefit ratio, under economically and technically justifiable conditions, provided they are accessible to system operators under justifiable conditions

and at the same time

  • are most effective in achieving a generally high level of protection for the environment as a whole. In the case of exhaust air purification technology, for example, this means that not only is the environmental impact due to the reduction in emissions taken into account, but also the energy used, the resources required and the waste generated.

A BAT reference sheet and the associated BAT conclusion are the result of an information exchange organized by the Joint Research Center (JRC) of the European Commission in Seville . Authorities of the European member states, industry representatives and representatives of environmental protection associations are involved in the working group on the exchange of information . Due to the time-consuming information and data collection and the often conflictual coordination in the working group, the time to draw up a BAT reference sheet and the associated BAT conclusion is between six and eight years.

After the discussion on the information gathered has been concluded, the BREF will be finalized and published on the Joint Research Center website. The European member states then vote on the BAT conclusions in accordance with Article 75 of the Industrial Emissions Directive. The BAT conclusions are valid as soon as they are translated into the EU languages ​​and published in the Official Journal of the European Union. This takes place as a so-called implementation decision of the European Commission. The specifications - particularly with regard to emission values ​​- are binding across Europe. According to Article 21 of the Industrial Emissions Directive, the European member states must ensure that the requirements are implemented in the affected plants no later than four years after publication.

List of published BAT conclusions

BAT conclusions are available for the following industries:

  1. Iron and Steel Production, published March 8, 2012
  2. Glass Making, published March 8, 2012
  3. Tanning of hides and skins (leather industry), published February 16, 2013
  4. Cement, Lime, and Magnesium Oxide Manufacture, published April 9, 2013
  5. Chlor-Alkali Industry, published December 11, 2013
  6. Pulp and Paper Industry, published September 30, 2014
  7. Petroleum and Gas Refineries, published November 1, 2014
  8. Wood-based materials production (wood panels), published November 24, 2015
  9. Waste water and waste gas treatment / management in the chemical industry, published on June 9, 2016
  10. Non-Ferrous Metals Industry, published June 30, 2016
  11. Intensive rearing or rearing of poultry or pigs, published February 21, 2017
  12. Large Combustion Plants, published August 17, 2017

Texts of the BAT conclusions

  1. Iron and steel production (PDF)Implementing decision of the Commission of 28 February 2012
  2. Glass production (PDF)Implementing decision of the Commission of February 28, 2012
  3. Tanning of hides and skins (PDF)Implementing decision of the Commission of 13 February 2013
  4. Production of cement, lime and magnesium oxide (PDF)Implementing decision of the Commission of March 26, 2013
  5. Chlor-alkali industry (PDF)Implementing decision of the Commission of 9 December 2013
  6. Pulp and paper industry (PDF)Commission implementing decision of 26 September 2014
  7. Refining of mineral oil and gas (PDF)Implementing decision of the Commission of October 30, 2014
  8. Wood-based material production (PDF)Implementing decision of the Commission of November 20, 2015
  9. Wastewater from the chemical industry (PDF)Implementing decision of the Commission of 30 May 2016
  10. Non-ferrous metal industry (PDF)Implementing decision of the Commission of 13 June 2016
  11. Intensive livestock farming (PDF)Implementing decision of the Commission of February 15, 2017
  12. Large combustion plants (PDF)Implementing decision of the Commission of 17 August 2017

Planned BAT conclusions

Preliminary BAT conclusions are already published about 12 months before their publication in the EU Official Journal on the website of the European Commission: They are contained in the "Final Draft" versions of the BREFs, which are listed on the website of the Commission with "FD" Marked are.

  • Production of bulk organic chemicals (start of revision 2010; BAT final discussion April 25-29, 2016; provisional BAT conclusions published in February 2017, publication in the Official Journal expected in the 4th quarter of 2017)

At the end of 2017 the preliminary BAT conclusions are expected to be published on:

  • Waste treatment plants (revision started in 2013, draft BVT information sheet published in December 2015 for first comment, BAT final discussion 19-23 March 2017)

Work started on other BAT conclusions:

  • Food, beverages and milk (revision started in 2014, draft BVT leaflet published in January 2017 for first comment, final meeting May 14-18, 2018)
  • Waste incineration (start of revision 2014, kick-off meeting 19-22 January 2015, draft BVT information sheet published in May 2017 for first comment. Final meeting 23-27 April 2018)
  • Surface treatment using solvents (printing, painting, adhesive coating) and wood preservation (start of revision 2015, kick-off meeting November 16-19, 2015, draft BVT bulletin published in October 2017 for first comment)
  • Steel processing (start of revision 2008, 2011 interrupted until 2015, kick-off meeting November 15-18, 2016)
  • Waste gas treatment in the chemical industry (start of revision 2017, kick-off meeting September 25-29, 2017)
  • Textile industry (start of revision end of 2017, kick-off meeting June 12-15, 2018)

Shortly planned work:

  • Animal slaughterhouses (2018)
  • Foundries (2018)
  • Ceramic Industry (2019)
  • Surface treatment of metal and plastic (2019)

Implementation of the BAT conclusions in Germany

The Ministry of the Environment (BMUB), with the support of the Federal Environment Agency , examines whether there is a need for action to change legal regulations or administrative standards after the publication of the BAT conclusions. To this end, the Federal Environment Agency is compiling a synopsis of the BAT conclusions. The synopses compare the European stipulations on the best available technologies for an industrial sector with the corresponding requirements in Germany.

If the Ministry of the Environment sees a need for changes in a German set of rules, it prepares a draft, advises this among other things with the state authorities, affected specialist groups and federal associations, and initiates the necessary resolutions by the government cabinet, the Bundesrat and the Bundestag.

In particular, BAT conclusions can affect:

In 2009 the Ministry of the Environment set up the "TA Luft Committee" (TALA). The TALA discussed the need for change in the TA Luft on the basis of the synopsis of the Federal Environment Agency.

The TA-Luft committee consisted of 10 voting members:

  • 4 state authority representatives
  • 2 scientific representatives
  • 2 representatives from the industry
  • 2 representatives of the environmental associations

From 2009 to 2011, the BVT information sheets that the European Commission had drawn up on the basis of the EU IPPC Directive were examined . From 2012 to 2013, the TALA then examined the first BAT conclusions, which were drawn up on the basis of the EU Industrial Emissions Directive .

When the TALA saw a need for change in the TA Luft , it decided with a simple majority:

  1. A vote to the Ministry of the Environment to remove the binding effect of the TA Luft for the corresponding regulation, as the state of the art has developed further. If the Environment Ministry agreed, it published the lifting of the binding effect in the Federal Gazette ,
  2. A recommendation to the Federal / State Working Group on Immission Control (LAI) on how the BAT conclusion, which deviates from the TA Luft, should be implemented. The LAI discussed the recommendation in its committee “Plant-related immission control / accident prevention” (AISV). The resulting implementation recommendations were presented to the Conference of Environment Ministers , which released them for publication on the LAI website.

In order to avoid lengthy coordination processes in the Federal / State Immission Control Working Group, the Ministry of the Environment decided to dissolve the TALA as of 2014 and to publish binding administrative regulations to implement the BAT conclusions instead of the implementation recommendations of the states .

Removal of the binding effect of the TA Luft requirements for certain industries

The Ministry of the Environment has implemented the BAT conclusions of the European Union through publications in the Federal Gazette ("official part"): Several emission values ​​of the TA Luft, which are generally binding for authorities in approval procedures, have been repealed because the BAT conclusions represent a further development of the state of the art reveal.

In order for the federal states in Germany to place the most uniform requirements for air pollution control on companies in the affected sectors as possible, the Federal / State Working Group on Immission Control (LAI) decided on implementation recommendations for the new state of the art in the TA Luft immediately after the relevant bodies were repealed Website announced.

Cancellation of the binding effect of the TA Luft of April 27, 2015, published on May 8, 2015, affect the following industries:

  • Manufacture of basic inorganic chemicals - ammonia, acids and fertilizers
  • Manufacture of inorganic specialty chemicals
  • Production of organic fine chemicals
  • Waste treatment plants
  • Foundry industry
  • Production of inorganic basic chemicals - solids and others - here only production of water glass (sodium silicate)

Cancellations of the binding effect of the TA Luft from December 16, 2013, published on January 9, 2014, affect the following industries:

  • Iron and steel production
  • Glass manufacturing
  • Leather industry
  • Cement, lime and magnesium oxide industries

In 2011 the Ministry of the Environment lifted the binding effect of the TA Luft for two industries for the first time, since the European Commission's BAT reference sheets had shown the further development of the state of the art:

  • for the painting of aircraft, the requirement of number 5.4.5.1 of the TA Luft for total dust emissions,
  • for collected dust emissions from spray glazing and from dusty processes with the exception of drying, spray drying and firing processes for the production branch of the ceramics industry, the general requirement for total dust according to number 5.2.1 of the TA Luft.

At the same time, the Federal / State Immission Control Working Group published new precautionary recommendations "until the TA Luft is changed":

  • The dust emissions in the exhaust gas from systems for painting aircraft (paint particles) must not exceed a mass concentration of 1 mg / m³.
  • The dusty emissions in the exhaust gas from plants for burning ceramic products are allowed
    • in the case of contained sources from dusty processes with the exception of drying, spray drying and the burning process, as well as
    • with contained sources from the spray glazing
do not exceed the mass flow of 0.10 kg / h or the mass concentration of 10 mg / m³.
When maintaining or falling below a mass flow of 0.10 kg / h, the mass concentration of 0.15 g / m³ in the exhaust gas must not be exceeded.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Federal Environment Agency: BVT and the Seville Process
  2. ↑ a b BAT conclusions, information sheets on best available techniques and draft BAT information sheets (English), EU Commission - Joint Research Center (Seville / Spain)
  3. ↑ List of BAT reference sheets ("BATC" stands for "Best Available Techniques Conclusions" - BAT conclusions)
  4. ↑ Final Draft LVOC BREF Final Draft Organic Chemicals
  5. ↑ First Draft FDM BREF First draft food industry
  6. ↑ First Draft WI BREF First draft waste incineration
  7. ↑ First Draft STS BREF First draft solvent users
  8. ↑ Rules of Procedure of the TA Luft advisory committee, Federal Gazette, No. 32, p. 756, February 26, 2010
  9. ↑ BVT leaflets (partial translation into German) ( Memento of July 17, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), Federal Environment Agency, Dessau
  10. ↑ Annual report 2011 (PDF; 168 kB) ( Memento of the original from January 18, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Federal / State Working Group on Immission Control (LAI), March 2012 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / lai.server.de
  11. ↑ The IE guideline and its significance for the state of the art , lecture by the Ministry of the Environment at the industrial emissions guideline and BREF process ( memento of the original from December 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , organized by BMU / UBA / DIHK / BDI , Berlin, November 5, 2013 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dihk.de
  12. ↑ a b Precautionary requirements in the area of ​​the air ( Memento of the original from January 18, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Website of the Federal / State Working Group on Immission Control @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lai-immissionsschutz.de
  13. ↑ Announcement of the progress of the state of the art for certain precautionary requirements of the technical instructions for keeping the air clean of April 27, 2015, BAnz AT May 8 , 2015 B7
  14. ↑ Announcement of the progress of the state of the art for certain precautionary requirements of the Technical Instructions for Air Quality Control of December 16, 2013, BAnz AT January 9, 2014 B3
  15. ↑ Bundesanzeiger1 No. 164, p. 3811, October 28, 2011