Bacteroidales

Bacteroidales
Bacteroides biacutis
Systematics
Domain : Bacteria (bacteria) Department : Bacteroidetes Class : Bacteroidia Order : Bacteroidales
Scientific name of the  class
Bacteroidia
War 2012
Scientific name of the  order
Bacteroidales
War 2012

The Bacteroidales form an order within the division of the Bacteroidetes . It is the only order of the class Bacteroidia .

Appearance

The gram test is negative. There are cocci-shaped and rod-shaped species. Fusiform (spindle-shaped) rods also occur, e.g. B. Tannerella forsythia . Spores are not formed. Some species are motile by sliding movements , others are immobile.

Occurrence

The species can be found in many different habitats . Thus, species of marinilabilia have been isolated from sea mud. Species of Blattabacterium (family Blattabacteriaceae ) have been found in termites and cockroaches , and Bacteroides in human intestines.

Pathogenicity

Within the bacteroid there are also some human pathogenic species. Thus, Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron opportunistic pathogens of humans.

Systematics

The class Bacteroidia contains two orders, the Bacteroidales and the Marinilabiliales . The system in detail (as of September 2018):

• Class Bacteroidia
  • Order Bacteroidales
    • Family Bacteroidaceae
    • Family Balneicellaceae
    • Lentimicrobiaceae family
    • Marinifilaceae family
    • Marinilabiliaceae family
    • Family Odoribacteraceae
    • Family Porphyromonadaceae
    • Prevotellaceae family
    • Family Prolixibacteraceae
    • Rikenellaceae family
  • Order Marinilabiliales
    • Salinivirgaceae family

The genera Phocaeicola and Sunxiuqinia have not yet been assigned to any family.

ecology

The individual species are mostly anaerobic . Also optional anaerobic, i.e. H. able to tolerate oxygen are present. The anaerobic genus Bacteroides is the most common type of bacteria in the human intestine with 10 ¹¹ cells per gram.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Systematics according to National JP Euzéby: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) - Bacteroidales (as of September 26, 2018)
2. ↑ Katharina Munk (ed.): Pocket textbook Biology: Microbiology. Thieme Verlag Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-13-144861-3

literature

• George M. Garrity: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Volume 5. The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes . 4th edition. Springer, New York, ISBN 978-0-387-95042-6
• Martin Dworkin, Stanley Falkow, Eugene Rosenberg, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, Erko Stackebrandt (Eds.) The Prokaryotes, A Handbook of the Biology of Bacteria . Volume 7. ISBN 978-0-387-33493-6