Bacteroidaceae

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bacteroidaceae
Bacteroides fragilis in the Gram specimen

Bacteroides fragilis in the Gram specimen

Systematics
Classification : Creature
Domain : Bacteria (bacteria)
Department : Bacteroidetes
Class : Bacteroidia
Order : Bacteroidales
Family : Bacteroidaceae
Scientific name
Bacteroidaceae
Pribram 1933

The Bacteroidaceae are a family of bacteria . A specialty is the production of sphingolipids . The type genus Bacteroides is the most common group of bacteria in the human intestine .

Appearance

They are straight chopsticks. The gram test turns out negative. Spores are not formed. They are obligatorily anaerobic (growth occurs only in the absence of oxygen ). Most species are not motile , exceptions are e.g. B. Bacteroides xylanolyticus and species of Acetomicrobium . As a specialty among the bacteria, some species produce sphingolipids , special membrane lipids that are actually typical of multicellular cells and are only produced by a few bacteria, e.g. B. from the Sphingomonadaceae belonging to the Proteobacteria and from the Sphingobacteriaceae of the Bacteroidetes.

metabolism

The metabolic pathway is fermentation . Among other things, they use various sugars and proteins for fermentation. End products are in u. a. Acetate and hydrogen (H 2 ). Acetate formation is noted as part of their name for some genera . Bacteroides products include succinic acid and acetate. The genus Anaerorhabdus produces acetate and lactate .

Occurrence

With 10 11 specimens per gram of stool, the genus Bacteroides is the dominant group of bacteria in the human digestive tract . It also occurs in the female genital tract . Other representatives such as Acetomicrobium occur in sewage sludge .

Systematics

The genus Anaerophaga initially assigned to the Bacteroidaceae is now listed under the Marinilabiliaceae . The genus Megamonas , also first listed here, is now placed under the family Selenomonadaceae of the Firmicutes after several changes . The following is a list of some genera that belong to Bacteroidaceae:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Katharina Munk: Pocket textbook Biology: Microbiology . Thieme, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-13-144861-3 , p. 75
  2. ^ Jean P. Euzéby, Aidan C. Parte: Megamonas. In: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature ( LPSN ). Retrieved October 7, 2018 .
  3. ^ Jean P. Euzéby, Aidan C. Parte: Bacteroidaceae. In: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature ( LPSN ). Retrieved October 7, 2018 .

literature

  • Noel R. Krieg et al. (Ed.): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology . 2nd edition, Volume 4: The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes . Springer, 2010, ISBN 978-0-387-68572-4 , pp. 106-314 .
  • Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Jack Parker: Brock - Microbiology . 11th edition. Pearson Studium, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-8273-7358-8 , pp. 454 .