Systematics of the bacteria
The taxonomic division of bacteria and archaea is controversial. Initially classified only by appearance and physiology , today, due to new possibilities, the classification by means of phylogenetic analysis, as proposed by Carl Woese (1977, 1990) , is generally accepted .
The first description of bacterial genera , species and taxa of higher ranks has to follow a fixed procedure. A taxon or its name is only valid if it is first published or revised in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (IJSEM). The current status of which taxa or their names are recognized in this regard can be viewed in the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), maintained by Jean P. Euzéby and continued by Aidan C. Parte since July 2013 . These names meet the requirements of the 1980 reformed International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (ICNB), i.e. H. each of these names designates a taxon that can be clearly identified on the basis of its deposited type material . These names are generally not put in quotation marks.

In addition, the global classification (see phylogenetic tree ) within the bacteria has been reformed: The taxonomy is now also based on findings that are obtained by means of phylogenetic analysis based on comparisons of bacterial genetic material. Initially, the nucleotides of the 16S rRNA, a typical prokaryote representative of ribosomal RNA , were sequenced and compared, but now other phylogenetic marker genes are also sometimes used . The ICNB recommends a minimum standard for the description of new species, which is defined by the respective experts ( Recommendation 30b ). Such a minimum standard includes not only genetic but also phenotypic and ecological characteristics.
A current compilation of the taxa from this and numerous further publications appears in Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology . Some of these taxa are justified, but have not yet been published validly or otherwise not defined according to the requirements of the ICNB. These names, as well as all synonyms that can be clearly assigned to currently valid names, are placed in quotation marks.
This reference list of higher taxa contains the taxa from the ranks Domain to Family . There are contradicting entries for some taxa. These were checked for validity using the original literature and a phylogenetic analysis. Therefore, some variations within and from the relevant publications described above are possible. There are many reasons for this and there are reasons. A change of individual taxa should first be discussed and then only be done with indication of the source.
Basics
In contrast to larger multicellular eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea can not easily be incorporated into the classical system of taxonomy. On the one hand, there is no sexual reproduction, which is why the biological concept of species ( Ernst Mayr ) is not applicable, on the other hand they are so small that an optical description does not always provide essential knowledge, so that a phenetic / morphological concept of species is only partially applicable. A physiological description soon contributed to the classification, but due to a lack of suitable methods it could only achieve an incomplete classification. After the invention of the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) parts of the genetic information of the individual organisms were accessible. In particular, the sequence of the genes for the RNA subunits of the ubiquitous ribosomes was discovered as a useful marker for phylogenetic analyzes. Every living being needs the ribosomes, which are extremely conservative in their development, to assemble proteins. Most successful, if not perfect, was the analysis using the 16S rRNA gene , the main component of the small subunit of the ribosome. This opened up unimagined possibilities for the phylogenetic analysis of the organisms, in addition to the previous methods. The taxonomy of the microorganisms could be checked - not without consequences, of course. Many well-known terms have been questioned, but not yet completely replaced or modified by new ones, as there is usually a lot more work involved than a few sequencing. The systematics of the archaea is directly integrated into the article of the archaea.
Taxa of the bacteria domain, the use of which is recommended
Phylum " Acidobacteria "
- Acidobacteria class
-
- Order Acidobacteriales
- Acidobacteriaceae family
- Bryobacteraceae family
-
- Class Blastocatellia
-
- Order Blastocatellales
- Family Blastocatellaceae
- Family Pyrinomonadaceae
-
- Class holophagae
-
- Order Acanthopleuribacterales
- Acanthopleuribacteraceae family
- Order Holophagales
- Family Holophagaceae
-
Phylum " Actinobacteria "
- Class Acidimicrobiia
-
- Order Acidimicrobiales
-
- Suborder " Acidimicrobineae "
- Acidimicrobiaceae family
- Iamiaceae family
-
- Class Actinobacteria
-
- Order acidothermales
- Family Acidothermaceae
- Order Actinomycetales
-
- Suborder Actinomycineae
- Actinomycetaceae family
- Suborder Actinopolysporineae
- Actinopolysporaceae family
- Suborder Catenulisporineae
- Actinospicaceae family
- Family Catenulisporaceae
- Suborder Corynebacterineae
- Family Corynebacteriaceae
- Dietziaceae family
- Mycobacteriaceae family
- Nocardiaceae family
- Segniliparaceae family
- Tsukamurellaceae family
- Suborder Glycomycineae
- Glycomycetaceae family
- Subordination Jiangellineae
- Jiangellaceae family
- Suborder Micromonosporineae
- Micromonosporaceae family
- Suborder Propionibacterineae
- Family Nocardioidaceae
- Propionibacteriaceae family
- Suborder Pseudonocardineae
- Family Pseudonocardiaceae
- Suborder Streptomycineae
- Streptomycetaceae family
- Suborder Streptosporangineae
- Family Nocardiopsaceae
- Streptosporangiaceae family
- Thermomonosporaceae family
- Order Bifidobacteriales
- Family Bifidobacteriaceae
- Order Frankiales
- Family Cryptosporangiaceae
- Frankiaceae family
- Sporichthyaceae family
- Order Geodermatophilales
- Family Geodermatophilaceae
- Order Kineosporiales
- Kineosporiaceae family
- Order micrococcales
- Beutenbergiaceae family
- Family Bogoriellaceae
- Family Brevibacteriaceae
- Family Cellulomonadaceae
- Demequinaceae family
- Dermabacteraceae family
- Dermacoccaceae family
- Dermatophilaceae family
- Intrasporangiaceae family
- Jonesiaceae family
- Microbacteriaceae family
- Family Micrococcaceae
- Family Promicromonosporaceae
- Rarobacteraceae family
- Ruaniaceae family
- Sanguibacteraceae family
- Order Nakamurellales
- Family Nakamurellaceae
- Order Nitriliruptorales
- Family Nitriliruptoraceae
-
- Class Coriobacteriia
-
- Order Coriobacteriales
-
- Suborder " Coriobacterineae "
- Atopobiaceae family
- Coriobacteriaceae family
- order Eggerthellales
- Eggerthellaceae family
-
- Class Nitriliruptoria
-
- Order Egibacterales
- Egibacteraceae family
- order Euzebyales
- Family Euzebyaceae
-
- Class Rubrobacteria
-
- Order Gaiellales
- Gaiellaceae family
- Order Rubrobacterales
-
- Suborder " Rubrobacterineae "
- Rubrobacteraceae family
- Order Solirubrobacterales
- Family Conexibacteraceae
- Family Patulibacteraceae
- Family Solirubrobacteraceae
-
- Class thermoleophilia
-
- Order Thermoleophilales
- Thermoleophilaceae family
-
Phylum " Aquificae "
- Class Aquificae
-
- Order Aquificales
- Aquificaceae family
- Desulfurobacteriaceae family
- Family Hydrogenothermaceae
-
Phylum " Armatimonadetes "
- Class Armatimonadia
-
- Order Armatimonadales
- Armatimonadaceae family
- Family Chthonomonadaceae
-
- Class Fimbriimonadia
-
- Order Fimbriimonadales
- Fimbriimonadaceae family
-
Phylum " Bacteroidetes "
- Class Bacteroidia
-
- Order Bacteroidales
- Family Bacteroidaceae
- Family Balneicellaceae
- Lentimicrobiaceae family
- Marinifilaceae family
- Marinilabiliaceae family
- Family Odoribacteraceae
- Family Porphyromonadaceae
- Prevotellaceae family
- Family Prolixibacteraceae
- Rikenellaceae family
- Order Marinilabiliales
- Salinivirgaceae family
-
- Class chitinophagia
-
- Order Chitinophagales
- Family Chitinophagaceae
- Hymenobacteraceae family
-
- Class Cytophagia
-
- Order Cytophagales
- Bernardetiaceae family
- Catalimonadaceae family
- Cyclobacteriaceae family
- Family Cytophagaceae
- Flammeovirgaceae family
- Microscillaceae family
- Mooreiaceae family
- Persicobacteraceae family
- Thermonemataceae family
-
- Class Flavobacteria
-
- Order Flavobacteriales
- Blattabacteriaceae family
- Family Crocinitomicaceae
- Family Cryomorphaceae
- Flavobacteriaceae family
- Ichthyobacteriaceae family
- Schleiferiaceae family
-
- Class Saprospiria
-
- Order Saprospirales
- Saprospiraceae family
-
- Class Sphingobacteriia
-
- Order Sphingobacteriales
- Filobacteriaceae family
- Sphingobacteriaceae family
-
Phylum " Balneolaeota "
- Class Balneolia
-
- Order Balneolales
- Family Balneolaceae
- Soortiaceae family
-
Phylum " Caldiserica "
- Class Caldisericia
-
- Order Caldisericiales
- Family Caldisericiaceae
-
Phylum " Chlamydiae "
- Class Chlamydiae
-
- Order Chlamydiales
- Chlamydiaceae family
- Parachlamydiaceae family
- Simkaniaceae family
- Waddliaceae family
-
Phylum " Chlorobi "
- Class Chlorobea
-
- Order Chlorobiales
- Family Chlorobiaceae
-
- Class Dehalococcoidia
-
- Order Dehalococcoidales
- Dehalococcoidaceae family
-
- Class Ignavibacteria
-
- Order Ignavibacteriales
- Ignavibacteriaceae family
- Family " Melioribacteraceae "
-
Phylum " Chloroflexi "
- Class Anaerolineae
-
- Order Anaerolineales
- Anaerolineaceae family
-
- Class Ardenticatenia
-
- Order Ardenticateniales
- Family Ardenticateniaceae
-
- Class Caldilineae
-
- Order Caldilineales
- Family Caldilineaceae
-
- Class Chloroflexi
-
- Order Chloroflexales
-
- Suborder Chloroflexineae
- Family Chloroflexaceae
- Family Oscillochloridaceae
- Suborder Roseiflexineae
- Family Roseiflexaceae
- Order Herpetosiphonales
- Family Herpetosiphonaceae
- Order kallotenuales
- Family Kallotenualaceae
-
- Class Ktedonobacteria
-
- Order Ktedonobacterales
- Family Ktedonobacteraceae
- Thermosporotrichaceae family
- Order Thermogemmatisporales
- Thermogemmatisporaceae family
-
- Class Thermoflexia
-
- Order Thermoflexales
- Thermoflexaceae family
-
- Class Thermomicrobia
-
- Subclass Sphaerobacteridae
-
- Order Sphaerobacterales
-
- Suborder " Sphaerobacterineae "
- Sphaerobacteraceae family
- Order Thermomicrobiales
- Thermomicrobiaceae family
Phylum " Chrysiogenetes "
- Class Chrysiogenetes
-
- Order Chrysiogenales
- Chrysiogenaceae family
-
Phylum " Cyanobacteria "
- Class Cyanobacteria
Phylum " Deferribacteres "
- Class Deferribacteres
-
- Order Deferribacterales
- Family Deferribacteraceae
-
Phylum " Deinococcus-Thermus "
- Class Deinococci
-
- Order Deinococcales
- Deinococcaceae family
- Trueperaceae family
- Order thermales
- Thermaceae family
-
Phylum " Dictyoglomi "
- Class dictyoglomi
-
- Order Dictyoglomales
- Family Dictyoglomaceae
-
Phylum " Elusimicrobia "
- Class Elusimicrobia
-
- Order Elusimicrobiales
- Elusimicrobiaceae family
-
Phylum " Fibrobacteres "
- Class Chitinivibrionia
-
- Order Chitinivibrioniales
- Family Chitinivibrioniaceae
-
- Class Fibrobacteres
-
- Order Fibrobacterales
- Fibrobacteraceae family
-
- Class Chitinispirillia
-
- Order Chitinispirillales
- Family Chitinispirillaceae
-
Phylum " Firmicutes "
- Class Bacilli (alternatively: Firmibacteria)
-
- Order Bacillales
- Alicyclobacillaceae family
- Bacillaceae family
- Listeriaceae family
- Family Paenibacillaceae
- Pasteuriaceae family
- Family Planococcaceae
- Sporolactobacillaceae family
- Staphylococcaceae family
- Thermoactinomycetaceae family
- Order Lactobacillales
- Aerococcaceae family
- Carnobacteriaceae family
- Enterococcaceae family
- Lactobacillaceae family
- Leuconostocaceae family
- Streptococcaceae family
-
- Class Clostridia
-
- Order Clostridiales
- Family Caldicoprobacteraceae
- " Catabacteriaceae " family
- Clostridiaceae family
- Family Defluviitaleaceae
- Family Eubacteriaceae
- Gracilibacteraceae family
- Family Heliobacteriaceae
- Lachnospiraceae family
- Family Peptococcaceae
- Family Peptostreptococcaceae
- Family Proteinivoraceae
- Family Ruminococcaceae
- Syntrophomonadaceae family
- Order Halanaerobiales
- Family Halanaerobiaceae
- Family Halobacteroidaceae
- Order Natranaerobiales
- Natranaerobiaceae family
- Order Thermoanaerobacterales
- Thermoanaerobacteraceae family
- Thermodesulfobiaceae family
-
- Class Erysipelotrichia
-
- Order Erysipelotrichales
- Family Erysipelotrichaceae
-
- Class Limnochordia
-
- Order Limnochordales
- Limnochordaceae family
-
- Class negativicutes
-
- Order Acidaminococcales
- Acidaminococcaceae family
- Order Selenomonadales
- Family Selenomonadaceae
- Family Sporomusaceae
- Order Veillonellales
- Veillonellaceae family
-
- Class Thermolithobacteria
-
- Order Thermolithobacterales
- Thermolithobacteraceae family
-
- Class Tissierellia
-
- Order Tissierellales
- Gottschalkiaceae family
-
Phylum " Fusobacteria "
- Class Fusobacteriia
-
- Order Fusobacteriales
- Fusobacteriaceae family
- Leptotrichiaceae family
-
Phylum " Gemmatimonadetes "
- Class Gemmatimonadetes
-
- Order Gemmatimonadales
- Gemmatimonadaceae family
-
- Class Longimicrobia
Phylum " Kiritimatiellaeota "
-
- Class Kiritimatiellae
-
- Order Kiritimatiellales
- Family Kiritimatiellaceae
Phylum " Lentisphaerae "
- Class Lentisphaeria
-
- Order Lentisphaerales
- Lentisphaeraceae family
- order Victivallales
- Family Victivallaceae
-
- Class Oligosphaeria
-
- Order Oligosphaerales
- Oligosphaeraceae family
-
Phylum " Nitrospira "
- Class " Nitrospira "
-
- " Nitrospirales " order
- Family " Nitrospiraceae "
-
Phylum " Planctobacteria "
- Class Planctomycea (previously: Planctomycetacia)
-
- Order Planctomycetales
- Gemmataceae family
- Isosphaeraceae family
- Family Planctomycetaceae
-
- Class Phycisphaerae
-
- Order Phycisphaerales
- Phycisphaeraceae family
- Order Tepidisphaerales
- Family Tepidisphaeraceae
-
Phylum Proteobacteria
Class Alphaproteobacteria
-
- Order Caulobacterales
- Caulobacteraceae family
- Family Hyphomonadaceae
- Order Iodidimonadales
- Family Iodidimonadaceae
- Order Kiloniellales
- Family Kiloniellaceae
- Order Kordiimonadales
- Family " Kordiimonadaceae "
- Family Temperatibacteraceae
- Order Magnetococcales
- Family Magnetococcaceae
- Order Micropepsales
- Order " Parvularculales "
- Family " Parvularculaceae "
- Order Rhizobiales
- Family " Aurantimonadaceae "
- Ancalomicrobiacae family
- Bartonellaceae family
- Beijerinckiaceae family
- Bradyrhizobiaceae family
- Family Brucellaceae
- Family Chelatococcaceae
- Family Cohaesibacteraceae
- Family Hyphomicrobiaceae
- Mabikibacteraceae family
- Methylobacteriaceae family
- Methylocystaceae family
- Family Notoacmeibacteraceae
- Phyllobacteriaceae family
- Rhizobiaceae family
- Rhodobiaceae family
- Family Roseiarcaceae
- Salinarimonadaceae family
- Xanthobacteraceae family
- Order Rhodobacterales
- Family Rhodobacteraceae
- Order Rhodospirillales
- Acetobacteraceae family
- Geminicoccaceae family
- Family Rhodospirillaceae
- Okay rickettsiales
- Anaplasmataceae family
- Holosporaceae family
- Rickettsiaceae family
- order Sneathiellales
- Family Sneathiellaceae
- Order Sphingomonadales
- Family Erythrobacteraceae
- Sphingomonadaceae family
-
Class Betaproteobacteria
-
- Order Burkholderiales
- Alcaligenaceae family
- Burkholderiaceae family
- Comamonadaceae family
- Family Oxalobacteraceae
- Sutterellaceae family
- Order Hydrogenophilales
- Hydrogenophilaceae family
- Order Methylophilales
- Methylophilaceae family
- Order Neisseriales
- Chromobacteriaceae family
- Neisseriaceae family
- Order Nitrosomonadales
- Gallionellaceae family
- Family Nitrosomonadaceae
- Family Spirillaceae
- Thiobacillaceae family
- Order " Procabacteriales "
- " Procabacteriaceae " family
- Order Rhodocyclales
- Family Rhodocyclaceae
- Order Sulfuricellales
- Family Sulfuricellaceae
-
Class Gammaproteobacteria
-
- Order Acidiferrobacterales
- Acidiferrobacteraceae family
- Order Aeromonadales
- Aeromonadaceae family
- Family Succinivibrionaceae
- Order Alteromonadales
- Alteromonadaceae family
- Family Celerinatantimonadaceae
- Colwelliaceae family
- Ferrimonidaceae family
- Family Idiomarinaceae
- Moritellaceae family
- Family Pseudoalteromonadaceae
- Family Psychromonadaceae
- Shewanellaceae family
- Order Arenicellales
- Family Arenicellaceae
- Order Cardiobacteriales
- Cardiobacteriaceae family
- Order: Cellvibrionales
- Cellvibrionaceae family
- Halieaceae family
- Family Microbulbiferaceae
- Family Porticoccaceae
- Spongiibacteraceae family
- Order Chromatiales
- Chromatiaceae family
- Family Ectothiorhodospiraceae
- Family Granulosicoccaceae
- Family Halothiobacillaceae
- Family Thioalkalispiraceae
- Family Thioprofundaceae
- Woeseiaceae family
- Order Enterobacterales , previously referred to as order "Enterobacteriales"
-
- Budviciaceae family
- Enterobacteriaceae family
- Erwiniaceae family
- Hafniaceae family
- Morganellaceae family
- Pectobacteriaceae family
- Thorselliaceae family
- Yersiniaceae family
- Phytobacter (a genus not yet assigned)
-
- Order Immundisolibacterales
- Family Immundisolibacteraceae
- Order Legionellales
- Family Coxiellaceae
- Legionellaceae family
- Order Lysobacterales
- Lysobacteraceae family
- Rhodanobacteraceae family
- Order Methylococcales
- Family Crenotrichaceae
- Methylococcaceae family
- Family Methylothermaceae
- Order Nevskiales
- Family Algiphilaceae
- Nevskiaceae family
- Family " Salinisphaeraceae "
- Order Oceanospirillales
- Alcanivoraceae family
- Family Balneatrichaceae
- Family Endozoicomonadaceae
- Family Hahellaceae
- Family Halomonadaceae
- Kangiellaceae family
- Litoricolaceae family
- Oceanospirillaceae family
- Family Oleiphilaceae
- Saccharospirillaceae family
- Order orbales
- Orbaceae family
- Order Pasteurellales
- Pasteurellaceae family
- Order Pseudomonadales
- Moraxellaceae family
- Family Pseudomonadaceae
- Family Ventosimonadaceae
- Order " Salinisphaerales "
- Family " Salinisphaeraceae "
- Order Thiotrichales
- Family Fastidiosibacteraceae
- Francisellaceae family
- Family Piscirickettsiaceae
- Thiolineaceae family
- Thiotrichaceae family
- " Vibrionales " order
- Family Vibrionaceae
-
Class Deltaproteobacteria
- Order Bdellovibrionales
- Bacteriovoracaceae family
- Family Bdellovibrionaceae
- Family Halobacteriovoraceae
- Family Pseudobacteriovoracaceae
- Order Desulfarculales
- Desulfarculaceae family
- Order Desulfobacterales
-
- Desulfobacteraceae family
- Desulfobulbaceae family
- Family Nitrospinaceae
- Order Desulfovibrionales
- Desulfohalobiaceae family
- Desulfomicrobiaceae family
- Desulfonatronumaceae family
- Desulfovibrionaceae family
- Order Desulfurellales
- Desulfurellaceae family
- Order Desulfuromonadales
- Desulfuromonadaceae family
- Geobacteraceae family
- Order Myxococcales
-
- Suborder Cystobacterineae
- Family Cystobacteraceae
- Myxococcaceae family
- Suborder Nannocystineae
- " Haliangiaceae " family
- Kofleriaceae family
- Family Nannocystaceae
- Suborder Sorangineae
- Family Phaselicystidaceae
- Family Polyangiaceae
- Sandaracinaceae family
- Order Syntrophobacterales
- Syntrophobacteraceae family
- Syntrophaceae family
-
Class Epsilonproteobacteria
-
- Order Campylobacterales
- Family Campylobacteraceae
- Family Helicobacteraceae
- Family " Hydrogenimonaceae "
- Order Nautiliales
- Family Nautiliaceae
-
Class oligoflexia
-
- Order Oligoflexales
- Oligoflexaceae family
- Order Silvanigrellales
- Family Silvanigrellalaceae
-
Class " Zetaproteobacteria "
-
- " Mariprofundales " order
- Family " Mariprofundaceae ", with the only genus Mariprofundus
-
Class Acidithiobacillia
-
- Order Acidithiobacillales
- Family Acidithiobacillaceae
- Thermithiobacillaceae family
-
Phylum " Rhodothermaeota "
- Class Rhodothermia
-
- Order Rhodotermales
- Family Rhodothermaceae
- Family Rubricoccaceae
- Salinibacteraceae family
-
Phylum " Spirochaetae "
- Class spirochaetes
-
- Order Brevinematales
- Order brachyspirales
- Order Leptospirales
- Order Spirochaetales
- Borelliaceae family
- Family Spirochaetaceae
-
Phylum " synergistic "
- Class synergistia
-
- Order synergistales
- Synergistaceae family
-
Phylum " Tenericutes "
- Class Mollicutes
-
- Order Acholeplasmatales
- Family Acholeplasmataceae
- Order Anaeroplasmatales
- Family Anaeroplasmataceae
- Order Entomoplasmatales
- Family Entomoplasmataceae
- Family Spiroplasmataceae
- Order Haloplasmatales
- Family Haloplasmataceae
- Order Mycoplasmatales
- Mycoplasmataceae family
-
Phylum " Thermodesulfobacteria "
- Class Thermodesulfobacteria
-
- Order Thermodesulfobacteriales
- Thermodesulfobacteriaceae family
-
Phylum " Thermotogae "
- Class Thermotogae
-
- Order Kosmotogales
- Family Kosmotogaceae
- Order Mesoaciditogales
- Family Mesoaciditogaceae
- Order Petrotogales
- Petrotogaceae family
- Order Thermotogales
- Thermotogaceae family
-
Phylum " Verrucomicrobia "
- Class Verrucomicrobiae
-
- Order Verrucomicrobiales
- Akkermansiaceae family
- Family Rubritaleaceae
- Verrucomicrobiaceae family
-
- Class Opitutae
-
- order Opitutales
- Family Opitutaceae
- Order Puniceicoccales
- Family Puniceicoccaceae
-
Taxa, the assignment of which has not yet been established or is not yet unequivocally established
The taxonomy of bacteria is the subject of numerous ongoing changes and improvements based on new discoveries that make a neutral, observational point of view impossible. Some higher taxa have not been considered above, others are expected to change in the near future. This appendix contains comments for clarification, where known:
- Phylum Firmicutes : The position of many members of this phylum is currently difficult to clarify. Not only historical ballast plays a role, but also the limited possibilities of phylogenetic analysis. While some members were only completely wrongly classified for understandable reasons, far-reaching changes cannot be ruled out in some areas. This also affects the phylum deferribacteres. As the analysis of whole genomes progresses, further clarity may be provided.
- Class "Bacilli"
- Order Bacillales
- Family Caryophanaceae: Other reasons
- Order Bacillales
- Class "Clostridia"
- Order Clostridiales
- Family Oscillospiraceae: The type genus is assigned to the family Ruminococcaceae.
- Order Clostridiales
- Class "Bacilli"
- Phylum Proteobacteria
- Class Gammaproteobacteria: The position of many members of this phylum is currently difficult to clarify. Not only historical ballast plays a role, but also the limited possibilities of phylogenetic analysis.
- Class Deltaproteobacteria: The Syntrophorhabdaceae family is assigned to this class, but has not yet been assigned to any order or subordination.
- Phylum Tenericutes : In addition to informing the sequences of the 16S rRNA gene, this phylum was distinguished from the Firmicutes by differences in other phylogenetic markers and its special properties. The sequences of the 16S rRNA gene show a direct relationship to the class / order of the "Erysipelotrichi".
- Phylum Verrucomicrobia
- class
- order
- Family Xiphinematobacteriaceae: A type strain could not be isolated (syntrophic bacteria, parasites, endosymbionts or other reasons), therefore not defined as a species, but as a Candidatus . According to the current rules of the ICSB, there is no validated place for this in the taxonomy. No entry for the moment.
- order
- class
- Phylum "Calditrichaeota" : Another classification in order and family is currently missing (December 2018).
Individual evidence
- ↑ CR Woese, GE Fox: Phylogenetic structure of the prokaryotic domain: the primary kingdoms. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Volume 74, No. 11, November 1977, pp. 5088-5090, ISSN 0027-8424 . PMID 270744 . PMC 432104 (free full text).
- ↑ CR Woese, O. Kandler , ML Wheelis: Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . Volume 87, No. 12, June 1990, pp. 4576-4579, ISSN 0027-8424 . PMID 2112744 . PMC 54159 (free full text).
- ↑ BJ Tindall, P. K Merger, JP Euzéby, A. Oren: Valid publication of names of prokaryotes according to the rules of nomenclature: past history and current practice. In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. Volume 56, No. 11, November 2006, pp. 2715-2720, ISSN 1466-5026 . doi : 10.1099 / ijs.0.64780-0 . PMID 17082418 .
- ↑ JP Euzéby: List of bacterial names with standing in nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet. In: International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. Volume 47, 1997, pp. 590-592. PMID 9103655 .
- ^ A b S. P. Lapage, PHA Sneath, EF Lessel, VBD Skerman, HPR Seeliger, WA Clark (eds.): International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria - Bacteriological Code, 1990 Revision . ASM Press, Washington (DC), USA 1992, ISBN 1-55581-039-X ( online ).
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