Cytophagaceae
| Cytophagaceae | ||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||
| Cytophagaceae | ||||||||
| Stanier 1940 |
The Cytophagaceae are a family of bacteria . The type genus is Cytophaga .
Appearance
Many species are rod-shaped and movable by sliding. Some species, such as Flectobacillus, can form filaments. The gram test is negative. Species of Sporocytophaga form dormant stages called microcysts. They resemble the dormant stages of myxobacteria .
metabolism
As a rule, the species are strictly aerobic , meaning that they rely on oxygen for breathing. However, some can also grow microaerobically or anaerobically , for example types of meniscus . The metabolism is chemoorganotrophic . Species of Sporocytophaga and Cytophaga are important for the bacterial breakdown of cellulose in well-oxygenated ( oxic ) locations. When cellulose is broken down, the bacteria adhere to the fibers of cellulose. The enzyme ( cellulase ) remains attached to the cell wall, free, soluble enzymes for the breakdown are not formed. Cellulose is only converted by a few groups of organisms; in addition to bacteria, fungi are particularly important .
Pathogenicity
Some species that used to belong to Cytophaga are pathogenic (germs) for fish. The species now listed as Flavobacterium columnare is responsible for what is known as columnar disease , while the species Cytophaga psychrophila , now known as Flavobacterium psychrophilus , is the causative agent of cold water disease .
Systematics
The Cytophagaceae family was introduced by Roger Yate Stanier in 1940. At first it only contained the one genus Cytophaga . It was later greatly expanded based on 16S rRNA analyzes . The genera Capnocytophaga , Chitinophaga and Flexithrix introduced here were then converted again to the families Flavobacteriaceae , Chitinophagaceae and Flammeovirgaceae .
A selection of genera of the Cytophagaceae follows:
- Adhaeribacter Rickard et al. 2005
- Aquirufa Pitt et al. 2019
- Cytophaga Winogradsky 1929
- Dyadobacter Chelius and Triplett 2000
- Flectobacillus Larkin et al. 1977
- Flexibacter Soriano 1945
- Hymenobacter Hirsch et al. 1999
- Larkinella Vancanneyt, et al. 2006
- Meniscus Irgens 1977
- Pontibacter Nedashkovskaya et al. 2005
- Runella Larkin and Williams 1978
- Siphonobacter Táncsics et al. 2010
- Sporocytophaga Stanier 1940
Individual evidence
- ↑ JP Euzéby: List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature - Cytophagaceae ( Memento of the original of April 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (As of May 5, 2013)
literature
- Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Jack Parker: Brock - Microbiology . 11th edition. Pearson Studium, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-8273-7358-8 , pp. 455-456 .
- Noel R. Krieg et al. (Ed.): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology . 2nd edition, Volume 4: The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes . Springer, New York 2010, ISBN 978-0-387-68572-4 , pp. 371-423 .
- Katharina Munk: pocket textbook biology: microbiology . Thieme, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-13-144861-3 , p. 76 .