Comamonadaceae

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Comamonadaceae
Systematics
Classification : Creature
Domain : Bacteria (bacteria)
Department : Proteobacteria
Class : Betaproteobacteria
Order : Burkholderiales
Family : Comamonadaceae
Scientific name
Comamonadaceae
Willems et al. 1991

The comamonadaceae are a bacteria - family needed to order the Burkholderiales belongs.

features

Almost all representatives of the Comamonadaceae are aerobic and chemoorganotrophic . Most species are motile by having flagella . It can be a single flagellum, such as B. Acidovorax and Hydrogenophaga , also species with tufts of flagella (polytrich) are present. In Delftia acidovorans , the tufts can appear either at both polar ends (polytrich-bipolar) or only at one end (polytrich-monopolar). Variovorax is peritrich (evenly scattered) flagellated. Brachymonas has no flagella.

The cell morphology is mostly rod-shaped, but there are also species with curved rods. There are also species with spiral-shaped cells in this family, such as species of Comamonas . The Gram stain turns out negative.

metabolism

A variety of metabolic pathways are found in the Comamonadaceae family. The metabolism is mostly chemoorganoheterotrophic . The terminal electron acceptor is oxygen ( respiration ). However, anaerobic denitrifiers , photoautotrophs and photoheterotrophs are also present. Fermentative representatives can also be found. Brachymonas denitrificans can use nitrate as an acceptor when no oxygen is available , i.e. under anaerobic conditions (denitrification, also known as nitrate respiration).

The species Acidovorax facilis can also grow chemolithoautotrophically, using molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) as an energy source and carbon dioxide as a carbon source. This species was first described by Albert Schatz in 1952 and carried under the name Hydrogenomonas facilis , whereby the generic name Hydrogenomonas indicates the peculiarity of the oxidation of hydrogen for energy production (Hydrogenium is the Latin name for hydrogen). The species was later placed in the genus Pseudomonas and then transferred to the genus Acidovorax in 1990 by A. Willems .

Some species of Hydrogenophaga are also chemolithoautotrophic and can oxidize hydrogen. Other species of the genus oxidize thiosulfate to sulfate , they are among the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria , also called sulfuricants . Some representatives of Hydrogenophaga , such as the rod-shaped species H. bisanensis , use nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor (nitrate breathing) under anaerobic conditions. Some strains of H. pseudoflava can fix molecular nitrogen (N 2 ).

Systematics

Genera of the family are:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ JP Euzéby: List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature - Helicobacteraceae (as of March 14, 2019)
  2. ↑ a b George M. Garrity (Ed.): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology . 2nd edition, Volume 2: The Proteobacteria. Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteabacteria . Springer, New York 2005, ISBN 0-387-24145-0 .
  3. ^ A b Eugene Rosenberg, Edward F. DeLong, Stephen Lory, Erko Stackebrandt and Fabiano Thompson: The Prokaryotes . Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria ISBN 978-3-642-30197-1
  4. ↑ Schatz, A; Bovell Jr, C: "Growth and Hydrogenase Activity of a New Bacterium, Hydrogenomonas Facilis". 1952, Journal of Bacteriology. 63 (1): pp. 87-98. PMC 169930 (free full text)
  5. ↑ A. Willems, E. Falsen, B. Pot, E. Jantzen, B. Hoste, P. Vandamme, M. Gillis, K. Kersters, J. De Ley: Acidovorax, a New Genus for Pseudomonas facilis, Pseudomonas delafieldii, E. Falsen (EF) Group 13, EF Group 16, and Several Clinical Isolates, with the Species Acidovorax facilis comb. Nov., Acidovorax delafieldii comb. Nov., and Acidovorax temperans sp. nov . In: International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology . 40, No. 4, 1990, p. 384. doi : 10.1099 / 00207713-40-4-384 . PMID 2275854 .
  6. ↑ Jung-Hoon Yoon, So-Jung Kang, Seung Hyun Ryu, Che Ok Jeon and Tae-Kwang Oh: Hydrogenophaga bisanensis sp. nov., isolated from wastewater of a textile dye works In: International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 2008, Vol. 58, No. 2. doi : 10.1099 / ijs.0.65271-0
  7. ↑ Systematics according to National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) - Comamonadaceae (as of August 2019)

literature

Web links

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