Prevotellaceae

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Prevotellaceae
Systematics
Classification : Creature
Domain : Bacteria (bacteria)
Department : Bacteroidetes
Class : Bacteroidia
Order : Bacteroidales
Family : Prevotellaceae
Scientific name
Prevotellaceae
Krieg et al. 2012

Prevotellaceae is a family of bacteria . The type genus Prevotella is named in honor of the French microbiologist André-Romain Prévot (1894–1982).

Appearance

The gram test is negative. The cells are rod-shaped , such as B. in some species of Prevotella . The species Prevotella oryzae forms filamentous rods with a length of 20 to 50  µm .

Growth and metabolism

All members of the Porphyromonadaceae are chemo-organotrophic . The metabolic pathway is fermentation . The species are anaerobic . The species Prevotella oryzae , formerly known as Xylanibacter oryzae , is xylanolytic, it can ferment the polysaccharide xylan . Other types of Prevotella are saccharolytic, they ferment different carbohydrates . Alloprevotella rava is also weakly to moderately saccharolytic .

Occurrence

The respective species colonize very different habitats. Species of Prevotella et al. a. found in the oral cavity of humans and in the intestinal tract of animals. The species Alloprevotella rava has also been isolated from the human oral cavity. Prevotella oryzae has been isolated from rice plants . Paraprevotella clara and P. xylaniphila were found in human feces .

Prevotella in the intestine may be associated with the occurrence of rheumatism .

Ampicillin , amoxicillin and metronidazole , among others , are suitable for the treatment of infections with Prevotella species, which are usually penicillin-sensitive .

Systematics

The family of the Prevotellaceae belongs to the order Bacteroidales in the department of Bacteroidetes . The following four genera are known:

The taxonomy of the genus Hallella is still being discussed, the only known species Hallella seregens is said to belong to the genus Prevotella . The species Xylanibacter oryzae (the only representative of the genus Xylanibacter ) was added to the genus Prevotella in 2012 (now listed as Prevotella oryzae (Ueki et al. 2006) Sakamoto and Ohkuma 2012 ). Some Bacteroides species were also assigned to the genus Prevotella in 1990 , e.g. B. Bacteroides oralis as Prevotella oralis and Bacteroides denticola as Prevotella denticola .

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literature

  • War, NR; Ludwig, W .; Whitman, WB; Hedlund, BP; Paster, BJ; Staley, JT; Ward, N .; Brown, D .; Parte, A .: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Volume 4: The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes . Springer, 2010, ISBN 978-0-387-68572-4 , pp. 85-105 .

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Jean Euzéby, Aidan C. Part: Family Prevotellaceae. In: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature ( LPSN ). Retrieved February 2, 2020 .
  2. a b c Julia Downes, Floyd E. Dewhirst, Anne CR Tanner and William G. Wade: Description of Alloprevotella rava gen. Nov., Sp. nov., isolated from the human oral cavity, and reclassification of Prevotella tannerae Moore et al. 1994 as Alloprevotella tannerae gen. Nov., Comb. nov. . In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology . 63, No. 4, 2012, pp. 1214-1218.
  3. ^ LVH Moore and WEC Moore: Oribaculum catoniae gen. Nov., Sp. nov .; Catonella morbi gen. Nov., Sp. nov .; Hallella seregens gen. Nov., Sp. nov., Johnsonella ignava gen. nov., sp. nov .; and Dialister pneumosintes gen. nov., comb. nov., nom. rev., anaerobic gram-negative bacilli from the human gingival crevice . In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology . 44, No. 2, 1994, pp. 187-192.
  4. a b Masami Morotomi, Fumiko Nagai, Hiroshi Sakon and Ryuichiro Tanaka: Paraprevotella clara gen. Nov., Sp. nov. and Paraprevotella xylaniphila sp. nov., members of the family 'Prevotellaceae' isolated from human faeces . In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology . 59, No. 8, 2009, pp. 1895-1900.
  5. ^ D. Mathis: A gut feeling about arthritis. In: eLife. 2, 2013, pp. E01608 – e01608, doi : 10.7554 / eLife.01608 .
  6. ^ Marianne Abele-Horn: Antimicrobial Therapy. Decision support for the treatment and prophylaxis of infectious diseases. With the collaboration of Werner Heinz, Hartwig Klinker, Johann Schurz and August Stich, 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Peter Wiehl, Marburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-927219-14-4 . P. 265.
  7. A. Willems, MD Collins: 16S rRNA gene similarities indicate that Hallella seregens (Moore and Moore) and Mitsuokella dentalis (Haapsalo et al.) Are genealogically highly related and are members of the genus Prevotella: emended description of the genus Prevotella (Shah and Collins) and description of Prevotella dentalis comb. nov. In: International journal of systematic bacteriology. Volume 45, Number 4, October 1995, pp. 832-836, ISSN  0020-7713 . PMID 7547307 .