Alphaproteobacteria
| Alphaproteobacteria | ||||||||
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Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Rhizobiales) on a carrot cell (secondary electron microscope image) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||
| Alphaproteobacteria | ||||||||
| Garrity et al. 2006 |
Alphaproteobacteria (also α-Proteobacteria) refers to a class in the phylogenetic system of bacteria that was established on the basis of the base sequence of ribosomal 16S ribonucleic acid ( 16S rRNA ). They belong to the phylum of the Proteobacteria ,
Systematics
The orders belong to the Alphaproteobacteria
- Caulobacterales Henrici & Johnson 1935
- Iodidimonadales Iino et al. 2016
- Kiloniellales Wiese et al. 2009
- Kordiimonadales Kwon et al. 2005
- Magnetococcales Bazylinski et al. 2013
- Micropepsales Harbison et al. 2017
- Parvularculales Cho and Giovannoni 2003
- Rhizobiales Kuykendall 2006
- Rhodobacterales Garrity et al. 2006
- Rhodospirillales Pfennig & Trüper 1971
- Rickettsiales Gieszczykiewicz 1939
- Sneathiellales Kurahashi et al. 2008
- Sphingomonadales Yabuuchi & Kosako 2006
such as
- Pelagibacterales Grote et al. 2012
- Holosporales Wang and Wu 2013; Martijn et al. 2018
and numerous isolates that have not yet been classified with certainty.
Important representatives can be found in the genera Rhodospirillum , Acetobacter , Rickettsia , Paracoccus , Zymomonas , Rhizobium , Bartonella , Brucella and Nitrobacter . Numerous aquatic species occur among the alphaproteobacteria. High proportions of these bacteria in water samples often indicate oligotrophic conditions.
| Family tree of the Alphaproteobacteria based on ribosomal RNA ( rRNA ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Cladogram based on the comparison of the 16S and 23S rRNA sequences. Ferla et al. |
The Rickettsiales are understood as a taxon that includes the Anaplasmataceae , Ricketsiaceae and Midichloriaceae . If the proto-mitochondria are also included, then the Rickettsiales appear in the above cladogram as a sister group of the Pelagibacterales (would be the branch below this); perhaps the latter also represent a basal subgroup of the Rickettsiales. For details on the Caulobacteridae see Parvularcula bermudensis . Other taxa of Alphaproteobacteria not listed here are (if not specifically noted, according to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) as well as the 16S rRNA-based phylogeny according to Release 106 of the project "The All -Species Living Tree ") among others:
- Sneathiellales with Sneathiella chinensis , S. chungangensis , S. glossodoripedis (basal in Rickettsiales or to the Caulobacteridae (Ferla et al. 2013))
- Parvularculales with Parvularcula bermudensis (near Rhodobacterales / Rhizobiales, Caulobacteridae)
- Iodidimonadales with Iodidimonas muriae to the Caulobacteridae (Ferla et al. 2013)
- Kiloniellales with Kiloniella laminarae to the Caulobacteridae (Ferla et al. 2013)
- Kordiimonadales with Kordiimonas gwangyangensis to the Caulobacteridae (Ferla et al. 2013)
- Micropepsales with Micropepsis pineolensis ( incerta sedis )
- Rhodovibrio with Rhodovibrio salinarum , R. sodomensis (Rhodospirillaceae, Caulobacteridae)
- Micavibrio aeruginosavorus Kwon et al. 2005 ( incerta sedis )
- Vibrio adaptatus and V. cyclosites (according to Muir et al. 1990 not genus Vibrio , but previously undesignated genus (s) of Alphaproteobacteria, incerta sedis )
- Furvibacter Lee et al. 2007
- Polymorphum gilvum Cai 2010
- Subaequorebacter tamlense Lee 2006
- Tuberoidobacter mutans Nikitin 1983
swell
- ↑ JP Euzéby: List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature - Class Alphaproteobacteria (as of January 11, 2019)
- ↑ Pelagibacterales , on: NCBI Taxonomy Browser
- ↑ a b M. P. Ferla, JC Thrash, SJ Giovannoni, WM Patrick: New rRNA gene-based phylogenies of the Alphaproteobacteria provide perspective on major groups, mitochondrial ancestry and phylogenetic instability . In: PLOS One . 8, No. 12, 2013, p. E83383. doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0083383 . PMID 24349502 . PMC 3859672 (free full text).
- ↑ JP Euzéby: Alphaproteobacteria . List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Archived from the original on January 27, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2019.
- ^ Sayers: Alphaproteobacteria . [National Center for Biotechnology Information] (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved April 26, 2019.
- ↑ 16S rRNA-based LTP release 106 (full tree) . Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database. Retrieved April 26, 2019.
- ↑ Sneathiella on: LPSN
- ↑ Sneathiella glossodoripedis , on: UniProt
- ↑ Jang-Cheon Cho, Stephen J. Giovannoni: Parvularcula bermudensis gen. Nov., Sp. nov., a marine bacterium that forms a deep branch in the α-Proteobacteria . In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Volume 53, No. 4, July 2003, pp. 1031-1036, ISSN 1466-5026 . doi: 10.1099 / ijs.0.02566-0 . PMID 12892122 .
- ↑ Genus Iodidimonas , on LPSN
- ↑ Order Kordiimonadales on LPSN
- ↑ Order Micropepsales on LPSN
- ↑ Rhodovibrio salinarum , on: BacDive
- ↑ Subaequorebacter on: NCBI taxonomy browser
- ^ Advances in Microbial Physiology, Vol. 24, Academic Press, July 12, 1983, ISBN 0-12-027724-7 , p. 111
- ↑ Tuberoidobacter , on: IniProt Taxonomy
- ↑ Tuberoidobacter on: NCBI taxonomy browser
literature
- Martin Dworkin, Stanley Falkow, Eugene Rosenberg, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, Erko Stackebrandt (Eds.) The Prokaryotes, A Handbook of the Biology of Bacteria . 7 volumes, 3rd edition, Springer-Verlag, New York et al. O., 2006, ISBN 0-387-30740-0 . Vol. 5: Proteobacteria: Alpha and Beta Subclass ISBN 0-387-30745-1
