Chromatiales

Chromatiales
Systematics
Classification : Creature Domain : Bacteria (bacteria) Department : Proteobacteria Class : Gammaproteobacteria Order : Chromatiales
Scientific name
Chromatiales
Imhoff 2005
Familys
Chromatiaceae Ectothiorhodospiraceae Granulosicoccaceae Halothiobacillaceae Thioalkalibacteraceae Thioalkalispiraceae Woeseiaceae

The Chromatiales form an order within the Gammaproteobacteria . Like all proteobacteria, the species of this order are gram-negative . The two families Chromatiaceae and Ectothiorhodospiraceae make up the purple sulfur bacteria : From hydrogen sulfide they form sulfate through oxidation .

features

Many bacteria of this order have the ability to photosynthesize . They are anaerobic or microaerophilic and are found in sulfur springs and deoxygenated water. Unlike plants or algae , they do not use water as a reducing agent and therefore do not produce oxygen . Instead, hydrogen sulfide is oxidized to elemental sulfur. Thus belong to the phototrophic sulfur purple bacteria. Species of the Halothiobacillaceae family are unable to obtain energy through photosynthesis.

Types of Chromatiaceae and Ectothiorhodospiraceae can be distinguished by the small granules (globules) of elemental sulfur formed from the oxidation . Representatives of Chromatiaceae store them inside, species of Ectothiorhodospiraceae outside of the cell. The Ectothiorhodospiraceae, as well as the Halothiobacillaceae , contain halophilic (salt-loving) and alkaliphilic species. Alkaliphilic bacteria live in environments with high pH levels. The species Ectothiorhodospira haloalkaliphila achieves optimal growth at pH values ​​between 8.5 and 10.0.

Systematics

A list of the 6 families with some genera (as of January 2019):

• Chromatiaceae Bavendamm 1924
  • Allochromatium Imhoff et al. 1998
  • Chromatium Winogradsky 1888
  • Halochromatium Imhoff et al. 1998
  • Isochromatium Imhoff et al. 1998
  • Lamprobacter Gorlenko et al. 1988
  • Lamprocystis Schroeter 1886
  • Marichromatium Imhoff et al. 1998
  • Nitrosococcus Winogradsky 1892
  • Phaeochromatium Shivali et al. 2012
  • Rhabdochromatium (Winogradsky 1888) Dilling et al. 1996
  • Rheinheimera Brettar et al. 2002
  • Thermochromatium Imhoff et al. 1998
  • Thioalkalicoccus Bryantseva et al. 2000
  • Thiobaca Rees, et al. 2002
  • Thiocapsa Winogradsky 1888
  • Thiococcus Imhoff et al. 1998
  • Thiocystis Winogradsky 1888
  • Thiodictyon Winogradsky 1888
  • Thioflavicoccus Imhoff and Pfennig 2001
  • Thiohalocapsa Imhoff et al. 1998
  • Thiolamprovum Guyoneaud et al. 1998
  • Thiopedia Winogradsky 1888
  • Thiophaeococcus Anil Kumar et al. 2008
  • Thiorhodococcus Guyoneaud et al. 1998
  • Thiorhodovibrio Overmann, et al. 1993
  • Thiospirillum Winogradsky 1888
• Ectothiorhodospiraceae Imhoff 1984
  • Alkalilimnicola Yakimov et al. 2001
  • Alkalispirillum Rijkenberg et al. 2002
  • Aquisalimonas Marquez et al. 2007
  • Arhodomonas Adkins et al. 1993
  • Ectothiorhodosinus Gorlenko et al. 2004
  • Ectothiorhodospira Pelsh 1936
  • Halopeptonella Menes et al. 2016
  • Halorhodospira Imhoff and Suling 1997
  • Natronocella Sorokin et al. 2007
  • Nitrococcus Watson and Waterbury 1971
  • Thioalbus Park et al. 2011
  • Thioalkalivibrio Sorokin et al. 2001
  • Thiohalospira Sorokin et al. 2008
  • Thiorhodospira Bryantseva et al. 1999

• Granulosicoccaceae Lee et al. 2008
  • Granulosicoccus Lee et al. 2008
  • Sulfuriflexus Kojima and Fuji 2016

• Halothiobacillaceae Kelly and Wood 2005
  • Halothiobacillus Kelly and Wood 2000
  • Thiofaba Mori and Suzuki 2008
  • Thiovirga Ito, et al. 2005

• Thioalkalibacteraceae Boden et al. 2017
  • Guyparkeria floor 2017
  • Thioalkalibacter Banciu et al. 2009

• Thioalkalispiraceae Mori et al. 2011
  • Endothiovibrio Bazylinski et al. 2017
  • Thioalkali spira Sorokin et al. 2002
  • Thiohalophilus Sorokin et al. 2007
  • Thioprofundum Takai et al. 2010

• Woeseiaceae
  • Woeseia Du et al. 2016

swell

1. ↑ JP Euzéby: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature - Chromatiales (as of September 26, 2019)

literature

• Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Jack Parker: Brock - Microbiology . 11th edition. Pearson Studium, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-8274-0566-1
• George M. Garrity: Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology . 2nd Edition. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2: The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria