Halothiobacillus

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Halothiobacillus
Systematics
Domain : Bacteria (bacteria)
Department : Proteobacteria
Class : Gammaproteobacteria
Order : Chromatiales
Family : Halothiobacillaceae
Genre : Halothiobacillus
Scientific name
Halothiobacillus
Kelly & Wood , 2000

Halothiobacillus is a genus of gram-negative bacteria within the Proteobacteria . The representatives are rod-shaped and obligately aerobic , that is, they need oxygen for growth. Furthermore, the species are halophilic (salt-loving).

In contrast to other members of the order of the Chromatiales , the Halothiobacillus species are not capable of photosynthesis , they are rather chemolithoautotrophic : The species gain energy through the oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds to sulfate . Oxygen serves as an electron acceptor and CO 2 can be used as the only carbon source. The inorganic sulfur compounds in this genus include thiosulfate (S 2 O 3 2− ), elemental sulfur and sulfides , or hydrogen sulfide . Physiologically, they are thus placed next to the colorless sulfur bacteria .

Although described as obligatory aerobic, Halothiobacillus neapolitanus is also able to survive without oxygen for some time. Under these circumstances, this bacterium ferments the polyglucose stored within the cell .

Systematics

Before the year 2000, the members of this group belonged to the genus Thiobacillus (family Hydrogenophilaceae within the class Beta-Proteobacteria ).

Species of this genus are: The species Halothiobacillus hydrothermalis and H. hydrothermalis were transferred to the genus Guyparkeria, which was newly established in 2017 . Guyparkeria is part of the newly established family of Thioalkalibacteraceae .

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  1. ↑ Systematics according to JP Euzéby: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature - Genus Halothiobacillus (as of September 21, 2019)
  2. ↑ Rich Boden: Reclassification of Halothiobacillus hydrothermalis and Halothiobacillus halophilus to Guyparkeria gen. Nov. in the Thioalkalibacteraceae fam. nov., with emended descriptions of the genus Halothiobacillus and family Halothiobacillaceae. In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Volume 67, Issue 10, September 2017. DOI | 10.1099 / ijsem.0.002222

literature

  • DP Kelly and AP Wood: Reclassification of some species of Thiobacillus to the newly designated genera Acidithiobacillus gen. Nov., Halothiobacillus gen. Nov. and Thermithiobacillus gen. nov. In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 50. 2000, 489-500. On-line
  • SM Sievert, T. Heidorn and J. Kuever: Halothiobacillus kellyi sp. nov., a mesophilic, obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium isolated from a shallow-water hydrothermal vent in the Aegean Sea, and emended description of the genus Halothiobacillus. In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 50. 2000, 1229-1237 Online
  • Lesley A. Robertson and J. Gijs Kuenen: The Colorless Sulfur Bacteria. In: Martin Dworkin, Stanley Falkow, Eugene Rosenberg, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, Erko Stackebrandt (Eds.): The Prokaryotes, A Handbook of the Biology of Bacteria . 7 volumes, 3rd edition, Springer-Verlag, New York et al. O., 2006, ISBN 0-387-30740-0 . Vol. 2: Ecophysiology and Biochemistry ISBN 0-387-2549-27