Bacchius
The Bacchius or Bakcheus ( Greek βακχεῖος bakcheios or βακχειακός πούς bakcheiakos πούς "bakchischer foot"; plural Bacchien or Bakcheen ) is in the ancient Verslehre a tripartite, simple metrical foot consisting of a short and two long Verselementen is, the scheme is therefore
- ◡——
In metric formula notation , it becomes withbaabbreviated. The reverse form is called Antibacchius . Since the Bacchius appears more frequently in connection with iambic forms, it is regarded, like the Creticus, as a syncopated form of the iambic metron (◡— (◡) -).
Bacchius is closely related to the oriental verse foot , in which, for example, Firdausī's great heroic poem is written.
Bacchic meter
The Bacchic verse, which was used especially in the hymns to Bacchus and therefore has its name, occurs mostly in akatalectic tetrameters that are mixed in with dimeters and other shorter verses and then have an iambic or anapaestic closing verse. Bacchius was rarely used by the Greeks, but more often by the Roman comedians, especially Plautus , where it appears several times in the cantica .
Bacchic meters are in ancient metrics:
- Bacchic Dipody (ba 2) or Bacchian dimeter (ba d) with Plautus, Caecilius Statius and Marcus Pacuvius . The scheme is in metric notation :
- × ——ˌ × - ◠
- Katalektische Bacchic Tripodie (ba 3c) at Plautus
- × ——ˌ × ——ˌ × ◠
- Akatalektische Bacchic Tripodie (ba 3) in Plautus and Caecilius Statius
- × ——ˌ × ——ˌ × - ◠
- Bacchic Quaternar (ba 4) in Plautus, Ennius and Caecilius Statius or Bacchian tetrameter
- × ——ˌ × ——ˌ × ——ˌ × - ◠
- Bacchic Senar (ba 6) very rarely at Plautus
- × ——ˌ × ——ˌ × ——ˌ × ——ˌ × ——ˌ × - ◠
- Bakcheisches colon (ba c)
- × - × - ◠ or × —— × ◠
- The colon appears to be interspersed between other bacchia, often according to Bacchian dipody or together with irritian colon .
literature
- Sandro Boldrini : Prosody and Metrics of the Romans. Teubner, Stuttgart & Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-519-07443-5 , pp. 138-132.
- Friedrich Crusius , Hans Rubenbauer : Roman metrics. 2nd Edition. Hueber, Munich 1955, pp. 90-93, 127 f.
- Hans Drexler : Introduction to the Roman Metric. WBG, Darmstadt 1967, p. 73 f.
- Gero von Wilpert : Subject dictionary of literature. 8th edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2013, ISBN 978-3-520-84601-3 , p. 65.