List of verse feet
The following table contains the feet of the ancient metrics sorted into groups according to the number of their members. The columns show the scheme of the foot of the verse and the abbreviation in metric notation , Greek names with transcription , Latin names and the designation commonly used in German.
Scheme | Abbr. | Greek | gr. Transskr. | Latin | German | comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Two-part simple feet | ||||||
◡◡ | πυρρίχιος , διβραχυς | pyrrhichios, dibrachys | pyrrhichius, dibrachus, bibrevis | Pyrrhichius , Dibrachys | two-syllable brachysyllabus | |
—◡ | tr | τροχαῖος | trochaios | trochee | Trochäus , also Faller | sometimes in antiquity as choreios or choreus referred |
◡— | ia | ἴαμβος | iambos | iambus | Iambus , also Steiger | |
—— | sp | σπονδεῖος | spondeios | spondēus, spondius | spondee | |
Tripartite simple feet | ||||||
◡◡◡ | τρίβραχυς | tribrachys | tribrachys, tribrachus, tribrevis | Tribrachys | three-syllable brachysyllabus ; in ancient times also sometimes referred to as choreios or choreus | |
—◡◡ | there | δάκτυλος | dactylos | dactylus | Dactylus , also double faller | |
◡ — ◡ | ἀμφίβραχυς | amphibrachys | amphibrachys, amphibrachus, amphibrevis | Amphibrachys | ||
◡◡— | on | ἀνάπαιστος | anapaistos | anapaestus | Anapast , also double climber | |
◡—— | ba | βακχεῖος | bakcheios | bacchius | Bacchius or Bakchius | |
—◡— | cr | ἀμφίμακρος | amphi macros | amphimacrus | Amphimacer or Kreticus | |
——◡ | παλιμβάκχειος | palimbakcheios | antibacchius | Antibacchius or Palimbakchius | ||
——— | μολοσσός | molossos | molossus | Molossus | ||
Four-part composite feet | ||||||
◡◡◡◡ | προκελευσματικός , τετράβραχυς | prokeleusmatikos, tetrabrachys | proceleusmaticus | Prokeleusmatikus | four-syllable brachysyllabus | |
—◡◡◡ | παιών Αʹ | paiōn 1 | paean primus | Peon 1 | ||
◡ — ◡◡ | παιών Βʹ | paiōn 2 | paean secundus | Peon 2 | ||
◡◡ — ◡ | παιών Γʹ | paiōn 3 | paean tertius | Peon 3 | ||
◡◡◡— | παιών Δʹ | paiōn 4 | paean quartus | Peon 4 | ||
——◡◡ | io ma | ἐπιονικός | epionikos | ionicus a maiore | falling ionic | |
◡ —— ◡ | ἀντίσπαστος | antispastos | antispastus | Antispast | ||
◡◡—— | io mi | ιονικός | ionikos | ionicus a minore | rising ionic | |
—◡◡— | cho | χορίαμβος | choriambos | choriambus | Chorus iamb | |
—◡ — ◡ | διτρόχαιος | ditrochaios | ditrochaeus | Ditrochäus , also Dichoreus | double trochee | |
◡ — ◡— | διῖαμβος | diiambos | diiambus | Dijambus | double iambus | |
◡ ——— | ἐπίτριτος Αʹ | epitritos 1 | epitritus primus | Epitrite 1 | ||
—◡—— | ἐπίτριτος Βʹ | epitritos 2 | epitritus secundus | Epitrite 2 | in Hephaestion also Karikos | |
——◡— | ἐπίτριτος Γʹ | epitritos 3 | epitritus tertius | Epitrite 3 | at Hephaestion also Podios | |
——— ◡ | ἐπίτριτος Δʹ | epitritos 4 | epitritus quartus | Epitrite 4 | in Hephaistion also Monogenes | |
———— | δισπόνδειος | dispondeios | dispondeus | Dispondeus | double spondeus |
Whether more than four-part forms are to be regarded as a verse foot or as a metrical clause or possibly as a separate verse is decided differently depending on the author.
Among the more than four-membered forms such as Adoneus , Dochmius and Hypodochmius see therefore the list of poetic meters .
See also
literature
- Dieter Burdorf, Christoph Fasbender , Burkhard Moennighoff (Hrsg.): Metzler-Lexikon literature. Terms and definitions. 3rd, completely revised edition. Metzler, Stuttgart et al. 2007, ISBN 978-3-476-01612-6 .
- Otto Knörrich: Lexicon of lyrical forms (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 479). 2nd, revised edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-520-47902-8 .
- Wilfried Neumaier: Ancient rhythm theories. Historical form and current substance. Grüner, Amsterdam 1989, ISBN 90-6032-064-6 .
- Gero von Wilpert : Subject dictionary of literature. Special edition of the 8th, improved and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2013, ISBN 978-3-520-84601-3 .