Bartholomäus Bruyn the Younger

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Bartholomäus Bruyn the Younger (also: Barthel Brun / Bruyn ; * 1523/1525 in Cologne ; † 1607/1610 in Cologne) was a German portrait painter of the Renaissance .

Live and act

Bartholomäus Bruyn was the son of Bartholomäus Bruyn the Elder , in whose workshop he was also trained. He was considered the last main master of the old Cologne school and because of his almost colorless incarnate as the "master of pale faces". The Bruyn family of painters dominated Cologne for over a hundred years and represented the third epoch of the Cologne School of Painting, which was influenced by Dutch art.

Bartholomäus Bruyn married the wealthy Agnes Patberg / Pottbergs / Bodtbergs from Essen-Werden († before 1623) in 1555 . They had four children, of whom their son Nikolaus de Bruyn (* 1570 in Antwerp ) remained in the family tradition and also became a painter. After Bruyn had paid off his siblings in 1557, he now owned his father's houses and workshop.

Weinsberg founder picture

In Cologne, the councilor and lawyer Hermann von Weinsberg was considered to be the main sponsor and sponsor of Bruyn. For his first commissioned work from 1556, a winged altar, the iconographic program was given to him in detail: In addition to Maria and Johannes under the cross, Weinsberg had his own donor picture inserted on the left front edge of the picture, opposite that of his wife, both depicted with coats of arms. Remarkably, Weinsberg had all of the saints, with the exception of Christ, decorated with portraits of other relatives and friends.

Bruyn later set up his workshop in the house of the painter Stefan Lochner , who had acquired the so-called House in the Cave on the corner of Cologne's Schildergasse in 1444. Since Bruyn's private house was next to one of the oldest churches in Cologne, namely Alt St. Alban , he was sometimes referred to as a painter before St. Albain .

In 1579, the painter Bruyn was elected to succeed his brother Arnt Bruyn in the Cologne Council. Before that, in 1567, he was appointed senator, as was the case between 1580 and 1607. From 1591 his eyesight waned and he received the honorary office of a banner owner. In addition, Bartholomäus Bruyn belonged to the Achatius Brotherhood . After the death of his patron Hermann Weinsberg, from 1607 there is no more significant information about Bartholomäus Bruyn. From 1610, the painter Gortzius Geldorp took over from Bartholomäus Bruyn the Younger in the Cologne City Council.

style

Initially he painted in the style of his father, but around 1570 he had developed his own portrait style with glazed ductus. His color palette consisted of black, white, gray, brown and lavender flesh. He surrounded the scenic representations with detailed landscape and city views. Its blue color attests to his knowledge of Leonardo da Vinci's sfumato .

Gortzius Geldorp from Leuven , who was already one of Bruyn's strongest competitors during his lifetime, has now also replaced him as the main painter in Cologne.

Works (selection)

Peter Ulner
Portrait of a lady with prayer book
Portrait of a woman with a red book
  • 1547 57 scenes from the Old Testament for the Carmelite monastery in Cologne in collaboration with his father and brother Arnt.
  • 1547 Portrait of a man with a full brown beard , gloves and letter, 47 × 33 cm, (1891: Wallraf-Richartz-Museum in Cologne) (WRM)
  • 1551 Portrait of a woman 65 × 48 cm, (WRM)
  • 1556–57 winged altar , traditional first commissioned work . Donors: Hermann Weinsberg and his wife Feigin / Sophie, née Ripgen, for the tower hall of St Jakob in Cologne, where the work was located until 1579. Central panel in the Cologne City Museum, the wings are missing. Woodwork by master Peter, carver behind St. Merjen. It depicts a Golgotha group with the founders, Adam and Eve, Abraham and the 4 evangelists. The client had the following people depicted in addition to the Christ head: Mary: his wife; John: his son Johan; Abraham: Peter Nuvenar, church master; Moses: Heinrich van Kruffitz, church master; Matthias: Master Johan Cortessum Offermann; Markus: his brother Gotschalk, Lukas: his brother Cherstgen / Christian and Johannes: Johan Nuvenhaven, pastor.
  • 1556 Portrait of Hermann and Sophie von Weinsberg
  • 1560 Ulner diptych , signature: BARTHOLOMEO BRVN FECIT (on the plinth; only signed work). LVR-LandesMuseum Bonn. Devotional diptych: Inside left: Peter Ulner (1523–1595) praying, monk in Werden, since 1565 abbot of the Reformed monastery in Bergen near Magdeburg ; Inside right: Half-length figure of Christ carrying the cross. Outside right: Vanitas depiction of a skull, this motif can also be found in his father's oeuvre.
  • circa 1560 Female portrait with prayer book , oil on canvas, Art Institute of Chicago
  • 1560? Diptych: Abbot Peter Ulner and Christ as Man of Sorrows (1891: Consul Eduard Weber in Hamburg)
  • 1576 Christ arrested in the garden of Gethsemane with the donor figures of Hermann Weinsberg (from May 12, 1563) and his second wife Gertrud, née Ripgen, widow Brass, for dealing with the Carmelite monastery. Bruyn also worked as a painter for Hermann Weinsberg in 1576.
  • 1563 Portrait of a gentleman 43 × 33 cm, (1883 Berlin), (WRM)
  • 1566 Herrembild with a red beard 40 × 31 cm, (WRM)
  • 1567 Martinus Snellius , Tondo, diameter 24 cm, (WRM)
  • Peter Ulner , portrait
  • Temptation of Christ with donor figure, State Museum Bonn.
  • 1576 Gottschalk von Weinsberg (1891: from the Berlin Museum to the Brandenburg School of Drawing)
  • 1576 Elisabeth von Weinsberg , b. Horn, the like.
  • 1581 Hermann von Wedich en face 69 × 33 cm, (WRM)
  • May 17, 1583 Herman Weinsberg as an old man On Sunday, April 17, 1583 and Monday, May 2, 1583 the 66-year-old is sitting portrait. It is his 5th portrait (1540/42; 1551; 1556 April 15, 1557; 1559/1576; 1583).
  • Portrait of a gentleman (1891: Aschaffenburg picture gallery)
  • Portrait of a lady oil on panel, 51 × 3 cm, (WRM)
  • Father Laurentius Surius , Carthusian monk May 23, 1538, 55 × 41 cm, (WRM)
  • Portrait of a man with a blond beard , 51 × 34 cm, (WRM)
  • Mayor Goeddert Hittorp , 83 × 39 cm, (WRM)
  • Portrait of a woman 1.03 × 0.71 m, (WRM)
  • Portrait of a gentleman with a reddish beard 42 × 29 cm, (WRM)
  • Mayor Goeddert Hittorp and his son praying 1.07 × 0.28 cm, (WRM)
  • Portrait of a gentleman with a long white beard , 55 × 33 cm, (WRM)
  • Portrait of a gentleman with Vanitas head , 47 × 37 cm, (WRM)
  • Portrait of a man with a red beard 56X51 cm, (WRM)
  • Portrait of a lady with prayer book 51 × 26 cm, (WRM)
  • Hermann von Wedich and three sons 81 × 33 cm, (WRM)
  • Bishop face 69 × 53 cm, (WRM)
  • young man  cm, missing
  • beardless young man en face 35 × 25 cm, (WRM)
  • old man with son 1.12 × 039 m, (WRM)
  • two women and three girls 1.12 × 039 m, (WRM)
  • gray-bearded gentleman with skull 49 × 29 cm, (WRM)
  • Black bearded man with boy in front of him 61 × 43 cm, (WRM)
  • young lady life-size half-figure (1891 Mr. Dormagen)
  • elderly lady 49 × 69 cm, (1891: Ducal Museum in Gotha)
  • Portrait of a woman with a red book (1891: Sedelmeyer art dealer in Paris)
  • Founding family on two boards Name: Opheuysen, Heygen 1539; 1873 acquired by Merlo from consul Eduard Weber in Hamburg

literature

  • Hermann von Weinsberg : Weinsberg book. Volume 4, 1591, p. 109.
  • Eduard Firmenich-Richartz: Bartholomaeus Bruyn and his school. An art historical study. An art historical study (= contributions to art history. New series; XIV). EA Seemann, Leipzig 1891 ( archive.org ).
  • Eduard Firmenich-Richartz: Bruyn (also Bruin), Bartholomaeus II . In: Ulrich Thieme (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 5 : Brewer-Carlingen . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1911, p. 158–159 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  • Didier Marten: Un témoin oublié de la Renaissance colonaise au musée des Beaux-Arts de Lille: le triptyque du Calvaire par Barthel Bruyn le Jeune. In: La Revue du Louvre et des musées de France. No. 1, 2005.

Web links

Commons : Bartholomäus Bruyn (II)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Bruyn. In: Herders Conversations-Lexikon . Freiburg im Breisgau 1854, Volume 1, p. 697 ( zeno.org ).
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Braunfels:  Bruyn, Bartholomäus the Elder. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 692 ( digitized version ). (in the genealogical section)
  3. ↑ Wolfgang Braunfels:  Bruyn, Bartholomäus the Elder. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 692 ( digitized version ).
  4. ^ Eduard Firmenich-Richartz : Bartholomaeus Bruyn and his school. An art historical study. 1891, p. 11 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  5. ^ Firmenich-Richartz :: Bartholomaeus Bruyn and his school. An art historical study. 1891, SS 33 f.
personal data
SURNAME Bruyn, Bartholomew the Younger
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Brun, Barthel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German portrait painter of the Renaissance
DATE OF BIRTH 16th Century
PLACE OF BIRTH Cologne
DATE OF DEATH 17th century
Place of death Cologne