Bartholomäus Lämmler

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Bartholomäus Lämmler (born September 3, 1809 in Herisau , † March 13, 1865 in Wolfhalden ), reformed , was a Swiss painter and a representative of Appenzell peasant painting .

Life

Bartholomäus Lämmler was born on September 3, 1809 as the son of Johann Konrad Lämmler and Anna Katharina, nee. Anderauer was born in Herisau (Canton Appenzell Ausserrhoden ). In 1829 he married Anna Barbara Zuberbühler, from whom he divorced in 1849. Lämmler was an autodidact who worked as a farmhand and day laborer from 1844. His two daughters died shortly after their birth in 1831 and 1832. In 1832 he traveled to Alsace with his wife Anna Katharina to work in textile processing, but returned to Switzerland in 1833 to settle in Schwellbrunn . The couple's last two children were born there in 1835 and 1836.

Like many of his farming colleagues, Lämmler was self-taught and employed in a farming profession. In December 1844 Lämmler left his family and moved to Brülisau (canton Appenzell Innerrhoden ) where he worked as a farmhand and day laborer. During this time Lämmler painted the first of his three traditional Alpfahrt boards (1849), his last box he painted in 1853. In order to get further orders, Lämmler tried to open a new market by painting alpine boards. The last commissioned work was Johann Ulrich Bischofberger's Eimerbödeli in 1856.

As a result of the lack of orders and his precarious financial situation, Lämmler always succumbed to drunkenness. He left Brülisau in 1856/1857, traveled a lot and worked as a day laborer. He died in the Doppelhof in Unterach near Wolfhalden on March 13, 1865 of "vomiting, diarrhea as a result of a cold and alcoholism".

plant

Lämmler's work was forgotten after his death. It was not until 1940 that the artist's signature was discovered under the frame of the Alpfahrt picture from 1854 in the Historical Museum in St. Gallen. This made it possible to identify the work of Lämmler, the remaining works of which are not signed. It comprises a chest, nine boxes, eight Bödeli, two monumental depictions of cows and six complete cattle strips as well as twice as many cattle strip fragments, some furniture panels, three alpine route signs, a station of the cross and an inn sign. Lämmler's Alpfahrt picture, painted on a cupboard in 1838, is one of the earliest peasant paintings in Eastern Switzerland, depicting the life of the dairy farmers.

In fact, the number of Lämmler works accessible today is not great. This is not only due to the fact that it was mostly a matter of painting everyday objects that did not survive over time. Lämmler's style also differed greatly from that of the traditional farmhouse furniture paintings that had been customary up to that time and should therefore have seldom been asked for by buyers. Outstanding features of Lämmler's paintings are the poor mastery of perspective, the spontaneous and cheerful painting style and the unusual coloring.

Lämmler was self-taught and is likely to have received inspiration for his work in the Herisau furniture workshop of Johannes Bartholomäus Thäler (1806–1850). During his short stay in Alsace, he had contact with the highly developed textile printing company there, which had inspired him to create the "Sennenstrip", colored woodcuts that he had made and colored by a local color printing company. His portrait of a cow from 1849 has found widespread use in today's advertising industry.

Some of his works can be found in the History and Ethnology Museum St. Gallen , the Appenzeller Folklore Museum Stein AR and the Museum Appenzell .

Catalog raisonné

(Selection)

  • Couple under tree, 1838
  • Alpfahrt, 1838
  • Eimerbödeli (inscription: "Johannes Jeger 1941" )
  • Portrait of a herdsman, ca.1845
  • Portrait of a Cow, 1849
  • Pasture under Kamor and Hohem Kasten, 1849
  • Tavern sign from Brülisau (inscription : "Joh. Baptist Rusch 1850" )
  • Station board from Brülisau, approx. 1850
  • Alpfahrt, 1854
  • Cattle pasture under Kamor, Hohem Kasten and Staubern (inscription: "The view of the Kammoh, the Hohe Kasten and Staubern 1854 M. Barth. Lemmler" )
  • Mountain stripes (color woodcut printed and colored from different sticks, on paper)

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Lämmler, Bartholomäus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lemmler, Bartholomäus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss painter
DATE OF BIRTH September 3, 1809
PLACE OF BIRTH Herisau
DATE OF DEATH March 13, 1865
Place of death Wolf heaps