Basil Monner

Basilius Monner (also: Basilius Vimariensis, Regulus Selinus ; * around 1500 in Weimar ; † January 16, 1566 in Jena ) was a German legal scholar.

Life

In his youth Monner had entered the Augustinian order . During the time of the Wittenberg Movement , he enrolled at the University of Wittenberg on October 16, 1521 . In 1524 he is found as rector of the Latin school in Gotha . In this position he worked for eleven years and during this time he completed the academic degree of Master of the Seven Liberal Arts in Jena. Part of the Wittenberg Academy was moved to Jena in 1527 due to the plague.

1535 began studying law at the Wittenberg University of Applied Sciences, during which time he traveled to France as the Protestant envoy in 1538, and returned to Wittenberg on October 11, 1538, where he received his doctorate in law on January 16, 1539. In February 1539 he became a member of a newly founded commission in Wittenberg, from which the Wittenberg consistory was to emerge in 1542 with the first evangelical consistorial order . That institution is the origin of all evangelical consistory, and today's marriage courts.

One of his first tasks there was a presentation that dealt with the validity of a secret engagement. On this question Monner seemed to have been unsure, so he consulted Martin Luther with whom he had found accommodation during his student days (which is why he was mentioned in Luther's table speeches in August 1537 - accompanied by Melanchthon - as "Magister Basilius" ). Luther replied that such engagements should be treated as null and void, since the parents also had a say. In this context, Luther rejected canon law , the Canon Sufficiat, as godless. That event seems to have influenced Monner in his later writings as well.

However, his work on the commission was short-lived. On October 10, 1539, he became the councilor of Johann Friedrich of Saxony and educator of his sons. With this he experienced, among other things, the defeat of the electoral line of the Ernestines in the battle of Mühlberg and the loss of the electoral dignity through the Wittenberg surrender . After Monner on September 30, 1554 the training of Duke Johann Friedrich III. von Sachsen , he went to the newly established grammar school in Jena in the autumn of 1554 as a grammar school professor of law.

Here he worked alongside Gregor Brück . As a participant in the Worms Religious Discussion of 1557 , he experienced the foundation of the University of Jena on August 15, 1557. After the university began teaching on February 2, 1558, he worked alongside Matthias Wesenbeck as one of its first teachers at the law faculty, with whom he read about the institutions. Monner worked particularly in the field of Protestant marriage law. In doing so, he understood how to combine the traditional foundations of canonical marriage law with the new requirements of the Reformation and based himself on Roman marriage law.

As a person, he is described by contemporary witnesses as vain, domineering, prone to zealotism and intrigue. As a religious fanatic of the pure Lutheran doctrine, he had supported the opinion of Matthias Flacius , especially as a Gnesiolutheran . Monner had also taken on organizational tasks at the Jena University and was rector of the Jena Academy in the winter semester 1557/58 .

In terms of genealogy, it should be noted that Monner married Catharina Wend (* 1523 in Arnstadt; † 16 May 1594 in Jena), the daughter of the Mayor of Arnstadt, Andreas Wend. There are children from the marriage. Of these, we know Basilius Monner (* Weimar; † May 17, 1563 in Jena), Christoph Monner, Katharina Monner (* December 10, 1547 in Weimar; † October 4, 1631 in Jena), married. I married to Prof. Johann Mylius († July 3, 1575 in Jena). II 1579 Prof. Jacob Flach (November 4, 1537 in Jena; † July 19, 1611 ibid.) And Maria Monner (* 1550; † May 24, 1609 in Jena), the daughter of Basil Monner, married. I with the cellar master Simon Stöpfel in Weimar, married. II with Jena Prof. Justus Ludwig Brysomann (* around 1525 in Triptis; † August 19, 1585 in Jena), married. III 1590 with the Leipzig councilor Melchior Brauer (around 1556 in Leipzig; † September 3, 1600 ibid.). After his death, his widow married the physician Johannes von Schröter (around 1515–1595).

Selection of works

• Tractatus de matrimonio et clandestinis conjugiis. Jena 1561, 1603 ( online )
• De clandestinis conjugiis. Jena 1604
• Quod Defensio Sit Ex Lege Naturale. From the defension and resistance, whether one is back to the authorities Tyranny and unjust violence with ... 1546, 1632
• De matrimonio breuis et methodica explicatio. 1561
• Orationes tres per legibus. Frankfurt 1560

literature

• Eyk Ueberschär: Basilius Monner (around 1500 to January 6, 1566) - a faithful servant of his masters. In: Gerhard Lingelbach (Hrsg.): Legal scholars of the University of Jena from four centuries. Bussert and Stadeler, Jena 2011, ISBN 978-3-932906-83-1 , pp. 13–32.
• Max Vollert : Basilius Monner, the first law teacher at the University of Jena. In: Journal of the Association for Thuringian History and Antiquity, Vol. 30. G. Fischer, 1932, pp. 41–51 ( online ).
• Otto Clemen: Basilius Monner = Two letters from Basilius Monner. In: Communications from the Association for Gothic History and Antiquity Research. Osterland Society, Altenburg 1912.
• Johann Jakob Günter: Life sketches of the professors of the University of Jena from 1558 to 1858. Manke, Jena 1858, p. 49 ( digitized in the Google book search).
• Monner, Basil. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 21, Leipzig 1739, column 1176.
• Albert Teichmann :  Monner, Basilius . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1885, p. 171.
• H. Koch: Professor Basilius Monner, 1566 - On the 375th anniversary of his death on January 16 - 1941. Manuscript print of the supplement Old and New from the home of a special edition of the Jenaer Volksblatt ( online ).
• Max Schneider: On the history of the Illustre grammar school in Gotha. 5th contribution Basilius Monnerus the first record of the Gothaer Gymnasium (1524-1524). In: From home. Sheets of the Association for Gotha History and Antiquity Research. Friedrich Andreas Perthes, Gotha 1898, p. 98 ( online ).
• Johann Caspar Zeumer, Christoph Weissenborn: Vitae Professorum Theologiae, Jurisprudentiae, Medicinae et Philosophiae qui in illustri Academia Jenensi, ab ipsius fundatione ad nostra usque tempora vixerunt et adhuc vivunt una cum scriptis a quolibet editis quatuor classibus. Johann Felici Bieleck, Jena 1711, pp. 11–13 (lawyers, digitized in the Google book search).

Web links

• Publications by and about Basilius Monner in VD 16 .

References and comments

1. ^ Karl Eduard Förstemann: Album Academiae Vitebergensis. Leipzig 1841.
2. ^ The Faculty of Philosophy
3. ^ Walter Friedensburg: Document book of the University of Wittenberg. Self-published by the Historical Commission of the Province of Saxony and Anhalt, Magdeburg 1926, p. 149.
4. ↑ on the 17th was the doctor's feast