Benedictine monastery in Wismar

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A Benedictine monastery in Wismar is said to have been founded between 1180 and 1239 and taken over by the Franciscans after 1251 . Probably the name was confused with the Benedictine monastery Cismar .

history

According to tradition, Benedictine monks founded a monastery in Wismar before 1239, perhaps as early as 1180, on the edge of a Wendish merchant settlement between the old and new towns. This has not yet been documented. Pastor Leuckfeld mentioned the Benedictine monastery in a list of German Benedictine monasteries sent to Rome In ducatu Megalopolensi est monasterium Vismariense .

The first monks are said to have come from the St. Aegidien Monastery in Braunschweig via Lübeck to Wismar. The simple rectangular church of the Holy Cross, built around 1180, was regarded as their monastery church. It was built with the help of the Lübeck bishop Heinrich I , but was not a city church. Heinrich was a monk in the Aegidienkloster in Braunschweig, abbot there from 1162 and bishop of Lübeck from 1173. In Lübeck he founded the St. John's Monastery in 1177 and occupied it with Benedictine monks from Braunschweig. After 1230 at the latest, after disputes about customs in the St. John's monastery in Lübeck, the Benedictine monks identified there are said to have gone to Cismar and to their friars in Wismar in order to enlarge the Wismar monastery and to buy monastery courtyards and property.

The Wismar monks allegedly left their Benedictine monastery at the latest when the Franciscans arrived in 1251/1252 and are said to have been accepted into the monks' convent, which was moved from Lübeck to Cismar in Holstein in 1231 .

The statements are based on research by Dietrich Schröder from the 18th century, who in turn refers to Bernhard Latomus . Ingo Ulpts proves that both authors confused their names due to reading errors in old documents and that Cismar was always meant instead of Wismar ; for example, the information in a document from 1283 edited by Schröder, the Benedictine convent of Wismar, Lübeck diocese , was incorrect, since Wismar was in the diocese of Ratzeburg , whereas Cismar was actually in the diocese of Lübeck . The existence of a Benedictine monastery in Wismar requires further clarification.

The abbot Wiprecht and prior Johann II of the Benedictine monastery of Cismar bought a farm for 36 Slavic marks from the Wismar councilor Johannes de Crukow, a farm for six Slavic marks from Martinus de Ighelowe and a farm for 20 Slavic marks from Johannes Vrese Mark, everyone was in the Vogtsgrube (Vogedes Groven). The former Vogtsgrube is today's Claus-Jesup-Straße, the exact location of the land is not known. As early as July 8, 1374, the monks sold the farm they had built. In addition to the villages of Mittel- and Hinter Wendorf, the monastery also owned land on the island of Poel . Due to the indebtedness of the Cismar monastery in Holstein, the monastery sold its hooves in Wester- and Ostergollwitz in 1328 and in Vorwerk and Malchow on the island of Poel in 1329 . Already on September 20, 1313, the Cismar monastery had bought the mill near Dammhusen for 500 Slavic marks ; Duke Erich von Sachsen confirmed ownership in 1325. In 1374 it was still called Cismar mill. On November 29, 1338, the monastery sold the heirs of the Wismar citizen Bernhard von Norway and others a pension of 15 marks from their small house in the Vogtsgrube.

literature

  • JG Leuckfeld: Antiquiates Bursfeldenses. Leipzig, Wolfenbüttel 1713.
  • Dietrich Schröder: Papist Mecklenburg. Wismar 1741.
  • Dierich Schröder: Short description of the city and rule Wismar. Wismar 1860.
  • LF Crain: Contributions to the history of the seaside town of Wismar. Wismar 1859.
  • Rudolf Kleiminger: The Gray Monastery in Wismar , Wismar 1934.
  • Albert Hauck: Church history in Germany. Volume IV. Berlin, Leipzig 1954, pp. 1023-1024.
  • Anna-Therese Grabkowsky: The Cismar Monastery. Sources and research on the history of Schleswig-Holstein. Volume 80, Neumünster 1982.
  • Ursula Creutz: Bibliography of the former monasteries and monasteries in the area of ​​the diocese of Berlin, the episcopal office of Schwerin and adjacent areas. St. Benno Verlag Leipzig 1988, pp. 457-458.
  • Rita Gralow: Monasteries and monastery courtyards in Wismar. In: Stralsund contributions, Volume IV. Monasteries and monastic culture in Hanseatic cities. Rahden 2003, pp. 69-80.

Printed sources

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gerd Baier: The cityscape in the mirror of history . In: Monuments in Mecklenburg . Weimar, 1976 p. 78.
  2. ^ Dietrich Schröder: Papistisches Mecklenburg IS 85-86.
  3. ^ Dietrich Schröder: Papist Mecklenburg . IS 475-477
  4. ↑ Ingo Ulpts: The Holy Cross Convention of the Franciscans in Wismar. In: Ders .: The mendicant orders in Mecklenburg. 1995 pp. 49-74, here pp. 54-55.
  5. ↑ Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburgische Regesten und Urkunden (SHRU) I. 490. S. 206-207.
  6. ↑ Ingo Ulpts: The Holy Cross Convention of the Franciscans in Wismar. In: Ders .: The mendicant orders in Mecklenburg. 1995 pp. 49-74, here pp. 54-55.
  7. ↑ MUB VI (1870) No. 3978.
  8. ↑ Monumenta inedita rerum Germanicum, IV. 3438, 3439.
  9. ^ Rita Gralow: Monasteries and monastery courts in Wismar. In: Stralsund contributions to archeology, history, art and folklore in Western Pomerania. Volume IV. Rahden 2003, p. 73.
  10. ↑ Anna Therese Grabkowsky: The monastery Cismar . 1982, p. 104
  11. ↑ MUB XVI. (1893) No. 10593.
  12. ↑ MUB VII. (1872) No. 4919.
  13. ↑ MUB VII. (1872) No. 4924.
  14. ↑ MUB VII. (1872) No. 4653.
  15. ^ Rita Gralow: Monasteries and monasteries in Wismar . 2003, p. 73.
  16. ↑ MUB IX. (1875) No. 5907.