Ringed earth knight
| Ringed earth knight | ||||||||||||
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Ringed Erd-Ritterling ( Tricholoma cingulatum ) |
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| Tricholoma cingulate | ||||||||||||
| ( Almfelt ) Jacobasch (1890) |
The Ringed or Gegürtelte earth Ritterlingsartige ( Tricholoma cingulatum ) is a species of fungus from the family of Ritterlingsartige relatives (Tricholomataceae).
features
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Macroscopic features
The fruiting bodies appear on the ground. The thin-fleshed hat reaches a diameter of 3 to 6 centimeters. It is arched to spread out and often has a distinct, blunt hump. The edge is still bent down in young specimens. The hat surface is finely flaky or felty, dry and matt. Their color is pale gray to gray-brown and becomes lighter towards the edge. The firm, white meat is radially fibrous and brittle and has a slightly flour-like taste and smell. The lamellae are bulging on the stem. Meat and lamellas slowly turn yellow after injury and with age. The stem becomes 5 to 8 centimeters high and 8 to 12 millimeters thick and is cylindrical in shape except for the often pointed, never thickened base. It's stuffed inside, fleshy and brittle. It has a relatively durable wadding to membranous ring , under which it is somewhat fibrous and scaly. The spore powder appears white and shows no color reaction with iodine reagents (not amyloid ).
Microscopic features
The narrow ellipsoidal spores measure 4–5 × 2.5–3.5 micrometers.
Species delimitation
The most important distinguishing features are the ring on a stick and its association with willow. Among the gray-hatched knights, which are difficult to distinguish, there is also the highly poisonous tiger knight ( Tricholoma pardinum ) and confusion with the hot knight ( Tricholoma virgatum ) would be dangerous. The lamellae and meat of the more common, also edible yellowing earth knight ( Tricholoma argyraceum ) slowly yellow and it does not only grow with willows. Tricholoma scoides does not have a ring.
Ecology and phenology
The ringed knight lives in European forests and parks - preferably in alluvial forests - in acidic soils in a mycorrhizal symbiosis with willows and birches.
It fructifies from June to October or December.
meaning
The mushroom is edible, but not very tasty and should be spared due to its rarity.
Systematics and taxonomy
The species was first scientifically described by Almfelt in 1830 as Agaricus cingulatus . However, it was only the reference to this species description by Elias Magnus Fries in a work published in 1832 that led to the scientific recognition of the new species . In 1890 it was transferred to the genus of knightlings ( Tricholoma ) by E. Jacobasch . He is counted within the genus to the section of the Erd-Ritterlinge ( Atrosquamosa ).
swell
- Derek A. Reid: New or interesting records of British Hymenomycetes . In: Transactions of the British Mycological Society . tape 38 , no. 4 , 1955, pp. 387-399 , doi : 10.1016 / S0007-1536 (55) 80041-1 (English).
- Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 , p. 160.
- Hans E. Laux: Edible mushrooms and their poisonous doppelgangers . Collect mushrooms - the right way. Kosmos Verlags-GmbH, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 978-3-440-10240-4 , p. 67 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Mycobank
- ↑ Pat O'Reilly: Tricholoma cingulatum Girdled Knight identification guide. In: First-Nature.com. Retrieved April 3, 2013 .
- ↑ Ringed earth knight Tricholoma cingulatum . In: The “paper-free” / “virtual” mushroom book from tintling.com. Retrieved April 3, 2013 .
- ↑ Almfelt: Agaricus cingulatus . In: Linnaea. A journal for botany in its entirety . tape 5 . Berlin 1830, p. 507 (available online at the Biodiversity Heritage Library ).
- ↑ E. Jacobasch: As to the position of Agaricus cingulate . In: Negotiations of the Botanical Association of the Province of Brandenburg . tape 33 , no. 59 . Commission publishing house by R. Gaertner, Berlin 1892, p. 55-59 ( archive.org ).
