Berlin Treasury
The bank of the Berliner Kassenverein , originally "Berliner Cassenverein", was an association of Berlin banks to facilitate interbank trading.
history
On May 1, 1823, the Berliner Kassenverein was founded on the initiative of the Berlin bankers Joseph Mendelssohn and Benecke, initially without a formal written contract. He followed models in London, Amsterdam and Hamburg and was the first cash association in Germany. The purpose of the association was to facilitate the settlement, collection and delivery of securities between the participating Berlin banks. The founding companies included the banks and bankers Gebr. Benecke , WC Benecke , August Friedrich Bloch , A. & F. Ewald, C. Heine, Meyer Jacobson, L. Lipke & Comp., Mendelssohn & Fränkel , DJ Riess and Carl WJ Schultze . On February 23, 1824, the participants signed the first written, court-confirmed contract and constituted themselves as a commercial company. One of the goals was set to “make payments in cash from one source to the other [between banks] unnecessary”. Later, in memory of its initiator Mendelssohn, his emblem, the Kassenverein took over the crane with a stone in its claw and the motto “I am awake”.
In order to expand the possibilities of the institute, on October 1, 1850, the company was converted into a stock corporation under the name Bank des Berliner Kassenverein with a share capital of 1 million Reichstalers. The bank was given the right to issue banknotes, which it did not give up again until 1875. The bank Mendelssohn & Co. was one of the largest shareholders with a capital of 50,000 Reichstalers. The banking houses S. Bleichröder , M. Oppenheim's Sons, Robert Warschauer & Co. and M. Borchardt jun. Were also represented with higher shares . In 1889 the bank acquired the neighboring property behind the Catholic Church 2, which was originally built for the Preussische Boden-Credit-Actien-Bank by Ende & Böckmann , and used it from 1892 after the necessary renovation.
In the 1850s the bank was located at Burgstrasse 25, and from 1860 to 1871 at Bauakademie 3. In 1869 she bought the late Baroque building at Oberwallstraße 3, which was originally built for the court painter Antoine Pesne , and had it converted into a bank building according to plans by Gropius & Schmieden . Banking operations began here in October 1871. In 1911 the last extension of the property took place through the purchase of the neighboring house of Commerce Councilor Moritz Plaut, Oberwallstraße 4. Then, in 1912–1915, the royal building councils Reimer & Körte built a new building on the combined property at Oberwallstraße 3/4.
In 1872 the management of so-called "Giro-Effekten-Depots" was taken up, into which securities were deposited against deposit receipts. Due to a lack of profitability, this line of business was given up two years later. It was not until January 1882 that giro securities depots were set up again.
With the creation of the custody account law in 1937, the collective term "securities depository banks" was created for the cash registers.
On July 1, 1942, the National Socialist government transferred the assets of the bank of the Berliner Kassenverein as a whole to the Deutsche Reichsbank by way of universal succession, as did all the Kassenvereins in other German cities . This ended the existence of the Berliner Kassenverein's bank. The bank building between Oberwallstrasse and Behind the Catholic Church was destroyed by bombs. Today the Barenboim Said Academy is located on the property .
In 1953, the Berliner Kassenverein was re-established as a stock corporation by the West Berlin credit institutions. He took over the function of a securities depository in West Berlin again. In 1970, the Berliner Kassenverein AG was one of the founders of the German Foreign Treasury, together with the other regional German treasury associations. On December 29, 1989, the seven German cash registers merged to form Deutsche Kassenverein AG, which in October 1997 was renamed Deutsche Börse Clearing AG .
literature
- The bank of the Berliner Kassenverein 1850-1900. Memorandum for October 1, 1900 ; Berlin / Leipzig: Giesecke & Devrient 1900.
- 100 years of the Cassen-Verein. 1823-1923. Bank of the Berliner Kassen-Verein. Anniversary report and report on the 1923 financial year ; Berlin: self-published in 1923.
- Karl Friedrich Hagenmüller / Adolf-Friedrich Jacob: The banking business: Volume I Structural elements of banking operations Deposits and deposit surrogates ; Wiesbaden: Gabler 1987.
- Berliner Architekturwelt (BAW) vol. 19 (1917), issue 1.
- Gerhard Müller / Josef Löffelholz: Bank Lexicon. Hand-held dictionary for banking and savings banks ; Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien 1963, ISBN 978-3-663-12765-9 .
- Dieter Trenner / Hermann Delorme: Shares ; Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien 1986.
Web links
- Early documents and newspaper articles on the Berliner Kassenverein in the 20th Century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
Coordinates: 52 ° 30 ′ 55.5 ″ N , 13 ° 23 ′ 46 ″ E