Bernhard Müller (Abbot)

Bernhard Muller

Bernhard Müller (* 1557 in Ochsenhausen ; † December 18, 1630 in Rorschach ) was prince abbot of the St. Gallen monastery from 1594 to 1630. He was the son of Brosi Müller and Magdalena Lutz.

Life

Bernhard Müller attended Latin school in the Ochsenhausen monastery from the age of 9 to 16 . In 1574 he came to St. Gallen. He made his profession , that is, the vows, on December 17, 1576. He studied syntax , humaniora , rhetoric and philosophy from 1577 to 1583 in Dillingen. On April 19, 1582 he was Baccalaureus philosophiae, on June 18, 1583 Licentiatus and on June 21 of the same year with " summa cum laude " Magister artium liberalium . He wrote Latin poems. From 1583 he was subdeacon in St. Gallen, deacon and priest in 1584. Four years later, on May 5, 1588, he received his doctorate in Dillingen as a Baccalaureus theologiae, on December 11, 1589 as a Licentiatus and finally on October 26, 1593 - after prior public disputation the day before - to Doctor theologiae. This authorized him to preach in St. Gallen and in the Kollaturparishes, which he often did. As dean he was elected abbot on August 27, 1594. Pope Clement VIII confirmed him on December 12, 1594 in Rome. There have been a number of difficulties with the Curia before . The blessing he received (VIII Clemens. Issued on 18 March 1595 at an October 16, 1595 Breve against election capitulations , as they had been closed even in the choice of Bernard). In April 1595 the new abbot accepted the homage from the subjects. On June 14, 1595, Emperor Rudolf II. Abbot Bernhard confirmed the regalia .

On April 13, 1630, he resigned for health reasons.

Act

Shortly after his appointment as abbot, Nuncio Portia announced a visitation , which was carried out together with Abbot Georg von Weingarten from January 25 to February 13, 1595. The visitation recess became fundamental for the reforms that Abbot Bernhard implemented in the monastery. He also promoted the reform of various other monasteries (including Fulda and Engelberg) by sending St. Gallen conventuals as administrators.

In 1602 Bernhard founded the Swiss Benedictine Congregation together with his colleagues from Einsiedeln, Muri and Fischingen . From the same year St. Gallen Constance challenged the spiritual jurisdiction for the St. Gallic subject regions and the parishes in one process. On March 1, 1613, the Römer Rota decided in favor of St. Gallen.

1613 was the Concordat with the constancy Offizialat created St. Gallen. At the same time, the parishes in the abbey area were freed from the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Bishop of Constance. For example, Father Jodok Metzler became the first official of the prince abbey of St. Gallen on August 22, 1614. In his office as abbot, Bernhard made regular visits to the parishes, the first time in 1603 and then in 1612/13, 1615, 1618, 1621/22 and 1627.

The economic situation of the monastery improved under Abbot Bernhard and made several purchases of goods possible. He wanted to buy back Neu-Ravensburg Castle from the city of Wangen, which had bought it from the monastery in 1586. He argued that the sale was not valid because the sale amount was too low. The Imperial Court of Speyer found the abbot right. Bernhard was able to buy back Neu-Ravensburg Castle for around 22,000 guilders.

In 1609, Abbot Bernhard planned to buy the County of Vaduz and the Schellenberg estate . However, these purchases never took place. However, he later made important purchases of goods: in 1613 he acquired Homburg and Staringen, in 1621 he acquired Ehaben.

In 1610 he introduced the linen trade in Rorschach . For this purpose he brought Balthasar Hofmann from Constance to Rorschach and created the necessary facilities. He also undertook various church buildings; so the monastery of St. Johann , which burned down in 1626, had to be rebuilt in Toggenburg - the second time near Nesslau; He had the Otmar Church in St. Gallen built (inaugurated in 1628), and he had three castles renovated.

Abbot Bernhard also concluded alliances and pay contracts with the European powers.

literature

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Werner Vogler: Short biographies of the abbots . In: Johannes Duft, Anton Gössi, Werner Vogler (ed.): The St.Gallen Abbey . St.Gallen 1986, ISBN 3-906616-15-0 , p. 161-163 .
↑ P. Rudolf Henggeler OSB: Professbuch der Fürstl. Benedictine Abbey of St. Gallus and Otmar in St. Gallen (= Monasticon Benedictinum Helvetiae . Volume 1 ). Eberhard Kalt-Zehnder, Zug 1929, p. 143-145 .
↑ ^a ^b Ildefons von Arx: Stories of the Canton of St. Gallen . Reprint of the edition from 1810-1813 / 1830; With an introduction by Werner Vogler. tape 3 . St. Gallen 1987, p. 114-120 .

Web links

Franz Xaver Bishop : Müller, Bernhard. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .

predecessor	Office	successor
Joachim Opser	Abbot of St. Gallen 1594–1630	Pius Reher

personal data
SURNAME	Müller, Bernhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Prince Abbot of the St. Gallen Monastery
DATE OF BIRTH	1557
PLACE OF BIRTH	Ochsenhausen
DATE OF DEATH	December 18, 1630
Place of death	Rorschach

[:0-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Werner Vogler: Short biographies of the abbots . In: Johannes Duft, Anton Gössi, Werner Vogler (ed.): The St.Gallen Abbey . St.Gallen 1986, ISBN 3-906616-15-0 , p. 161-163 .

[2] P. Rudolf Henggeler OSB: Professbuch der Fürstl. Benedictine Abbey of St. Gallus and Otmar in St. Gallen (= Monasticon Benedictinum Helvetiae . Volume 1 ). Eberhard Kalt-Zehnder, Zug 1929, p. 143-145 .

[:1-3] Ildefons von Arx: Stories of the Canton of St. Gallen . Reprint of the edition from 1810-1813 / 1830; With an introduction by Werner Vogler. tape 3 . St. Gallen 1987, p. 114-120 .