Niederönhausen depot
The Niederschönhausen (Nie) depot is located on Dietzgenstrasse in Berlin-Niederschönhausen . The facility was opened as yard 3 of the Great Berlin Tram (GBS) and is currently used by the Berlin Transport Company (BVG). In addition, the Berlin Historic Transport Preservation Association (DVN) housed its inventory of historic Berlin tram vehicles in the depot until January 2016 . The complex was built in 1901 and expanded in 1924 based on designs by Jean Krämer . It is a listed building .
From Niederschönhausen, the lines in the Pankow district were mainly served, after 1949 mainly the branches to Rosenthal , Niederschönhausen and Buchholz .
Location and structure
The depot is located at the intersection of Dietzgenstraße and Schillerstraße and connects to the horse-drawn tram line operated by the community of Niederschönhausen . A branch line branches off to the east into Schillerstrasse. The courtyard comprises two car halls with 19 and seven sidings, respectively, followed by an assembly hall and various operating rooms. The four-storey administration building is located on the northern edge of the company premises on Dietzgenstrasse. Adjacent to this are rooms for staff, toilets and the company doctor along the northern boundary of the courtyard.
history
Between 1896 and 1902, the Great Berlin Horse Railway, which operated as the Great Berlin Tram from 1898, electrified its extensive route network. The previous horse tram depots were not always sufficient to accommodate the electric vehicles , so that in the same period eight new depots were built exclusively for electric operation. The farm in Niederschönhausen was the last to open on May 26, 1901. As a result, the line operated by GBS was finally converted to overhead line operation.
On an area of 25,483 square meters, the courtyard had a storage capacity of 190 wagons, each around eleven meters long. The hall tracks were illuminated with daylight through a shed roof . The area was largely walled. In 1920 the tram drivers stationed in the courtyard erected a memorial for their colleagues who died in the First World War . In 1924, a southern extension was built based on designs by Jean Krämer, which was illuminated by means of a three-hinged arched truss. An assembly hall, forge, changing rooms and the warehouse were also connected to it. Up until the 1950s there was also a shoemaker's shop in these extensions . The wall along Schillerstrasse was removed during the expansion. To the east of the site, the BVG Heimstättengesellschaft built apartments for employees in the 1930s.
During the Second World War , the halls and the administration building were damaged, the top floor was not completely rebuilt during this construction. In the 1950s, a two-storey building for the company doctor in charge was added between the low-rise buildings for staff and the toilets. To the north of the site, a culture house was built for BVG employees, in which public film screenings were also held. A children's weekend home was also built in closer distance . The monument to the fallen was removed again in the early 1970s.
The site was placed under monument protection in the early 1990s after the BVG had the courtyard rebuilt according to these requirements. Since November 1, 1999, regular trains are no longer used as planned from Niederschönhausen. The main reasons for this are the layout of the tracks; because the trains sometimes have to move up to Dietzgenstrasse, along which the B 96a runs, when shunting . Furthermore, operational use of the buildings by the BVG is no longer possible due to the high investment required to comply with current regulations. However, in exceptional cases , such as construction work in the Pankow sub-network and Schönhauser Allee , the farm is kept operational. Until the beginning of 2016, the DVN used the halls to accommodate its historic vehicles.
The halls with tracks 1 to 19 are now closed due to the risk of the roof collapsing. The workshop wing (tracks 20 to 26) and the rest of the site will continue to be used by BVG facilities (as of 2016). In 2018, the BVG submitted an unsuccessful demolition application for the administration building and the halls, despite the monument status. After the BVG has not fulfilled its obligations to maintain the monument for several years, the lower monument protection authority of the Pankow district is now considering a corresponding regulatory security procedure.
literature
- Reinhard Demps: 100 years of the Niederschönhausen tram depot . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . No. 5 , 2001, p. 79-82 .
- Siegfried Münzinger: The depots of the Berlin trams . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . No. 6 , 1969, p. 89-103 .
Web links
- Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
- Laura de Pedro: Niederönhausen depot. (PDF; 504 kB) (No longer available online.) July 2014, archived from the original on March 5, 2016 ; accessed on September 22, 2017 .
- Niederönhausen tram depot. In: pankowerchronik. February 10, 2015, accessed September 22, 2017 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
- ↑ a b c d Reinhard Demps: 100 years of the tram depot at Niederschönhausen . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . No. 5 , 2001, p. 79-82 .
- ↑ Printed matter 17/15398. (PDF) Berlin House of Representatives, February 11, 2015, accessed on February 25, 2015 .
- ↑ News in brief - tram . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . No. 12 , 2016, p. 244 .
- ↑ They don't care - BVG lets the tram depot in Niederschönhausen go into disrepair. In: Der Tagesspiegel . May 31, 2020, accessed June 2, 2020 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 35 ′ 27 ″ N , 13 ° 24 ′ 12 ″ E