Until then
Bisdamitz is a residential area belonging to the municipality of Lohme on Rügen .
location
The place, the largest part of which is formed by a manor, is located in the terminal moraine landscape of the Jasmund peninsula on the edge of a lowland not far from the north coast to the Baltic Sea at an altitude of about 50 m above sea level. The Kaderbach , which is called Bisdamitz Bach from Bisdamitz, flows through the valley . The road from Glowe to Lohme passes north of the village . Bisdamitz also has two riverside cottages that are not part of the estate, as well as a bungalow-style guest house on the steep bank of the Baltic Sea.
The estate is a listed building . A building with a modern architectural design was erected on Landstrasse, which temporarily housed a farm shop and a farm restaurant. In both organic products were sold. There was also a cheese dairy .
history
It was first mentioned in a document in 1314 as "Bisdomitze". The name is derived from the Slavic Bezdomici . Bez doma in German means people without a house. The place was laid out as a hamlet , later as a single farm. The single courtyard was designed as an open four-sided courtyard .
In the 15th century, the estate belonged to Bertram von Lübeck, a Stralsund councilor, and the Stralsund mayor Möller. In 1486 Bertram von Lübeck sold his share to the Marienkron monastery in Stralsund . After his death in 1498, the Möllersche part was transferred to the St. Marien Church in Stralsund as part of a charity foundation . The foundation letter of October 17, 1500 defines poor relief as the purpose of the Möllers Poor Foundation . The farm regularly delivered natural produce to 25 people in need. In 1532 there were four farms with a total of 4 Hufen and 6 acres of arable land and thus about 83 hectares. In 1599 one of the farms with two land hooves was twice the size of the other three.
After the Reformation , the last four nuns living on the farm also handed over the monastic portion to St. Mary's Church in 1558. The property was administered by the Evangelical Consistory in Greifswald from the 17th century . The Marienkirche is still the owner of the farm and receives the lease income that is used to maintain the church.
In 1695, at the time of the Swedish registry survey, there were two farming families in Bisdamitz who grew rye, wheat, barley, oats, peas and flax and kept horses, cows and bees. A third farm was vacant. The tenants changed several times over the years. In the first half of the 19th century the Tiburtius family had the lease. Sheep, pigs, chickens and dairy cattle were kept and mainly wheat and peas were grown. The grain was sold in Stralsund and from there a considerable part was exported to England. At that time the manor house was a half-timbered building with red brickwork and a thatched roof. This manor house burned down at the beginning of the 20th century.
In 1905 there were 32 inhabitants and 160 hectares were cultivated. P. Schreiber was the tenant of the estate, then Karl Friedrich Julius Otte until the expropriation in 1945/46.
During the land reform after World War II , the tenants were expropriated, but the church remained the owner of the estate. Even in the time of the GDR , the property was managed by the church itself. From 1965 to 1980, 15 to 18 disabled people worked in the company. In 1970 120 cattle, including 60 dairy cows, 120 fattening pigs and various types of poultry were kept. The company was integrated into the planned economy of the GDR. So, although the stony ground conditions were rather unsuitable for this, beets and potatoes had to be grown. At the end of the 1970s, however, more profitable products emerged. In the 1970s, the areas of the St. Pauli Church in Bobbin were also incorporated into the Kirchgut so that a total of around 185 hectares were cultivated. The application of plant protection carried conventional and no different from the practice of neighboring LPG faces.
After the political change in 1989 , the church dissolved unprofitable church properties, including Bisdamitz. In 1993 the Förderverein Kirchgut Bisdamitz / Rügen, Association for Organic Agriculture, Nature Conservation and Care of Culture e. V. founded in order to prevent a pure hotel or restaurant operation of the property. In 1994 the ecological management of the property was started. The estate, which belongs to the Bioland cultivation association, cultivates 480 hectares, of which 370 hectares are grassland. 60 dairy cows, 200 ewes, 600 beef sheep, 10 sows, 1 boar, 2 dogs and 2 cats are kept (as of 2007). The estate also operates a bistro in the Königsstuhl National Park Center .
The development of tourism and the expansion into an adventure farm has been carried out since 2002 by the education and employment company Rügen mbH as Biolandhof Bisdamitz. A playground with an entrance fee was created with a boat replica. In 2014, the organic farm was closed by the employment company. The Hofgut company, which owns the real estate, had previously gone into bankruptcy and there was a sharp drop in visitor numbers.
Personalities
In 1834 the German doctor and writer Karl Tiburtius (1834–1910) was born in Bisdamitz. His sister, Franziska Tiburtius (1843–1927), who was also born in Bisdamitz in 1843 , became the first German female doctor.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jens-Uwe Berndt, Biolandhof project closes in the Ostsee-Zeitung , published online on December 2, 2014
Coordinates: 54 ° 34 ' N , 13 ° 33' E