Bismarck School (Nuremberg)
| Bismarck School | |
|---|---|
|
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| type of school | Elementary and middle school |
| School number | 6586 |
| founding | 1879/1904 |
| address |
Bismarckstrasse 20 |
| place | Nuremberg |
| country | Bavaria |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 27 '49 " N , 11 ° 6' 10" E |
| carrier | City of Nuremberg |
| student | 350 (GS) + 320 (MS) (as of 2015) |
| Teachers | 25 (GS) + 37 (MS) (as of 2015) |
| management | Susanne Kaufmann (GS), Sabine Rost (MS) |
| Website | gs.bismarck-schule.de |
The Bismarck School is a primary and secondary school in Nuremberg , in the Schoppershof district . The school building was built in 1902–1904 with rich art nouveau furnishings and is a listed building . The school was named after Chancellor Otto von Bismarck , who died a few years earlier .
Geographical location
The school grounds are bordered by Bismarckstrasse, Welserstrasse, Fröbelstrasse and Schoppershofstrasse.
history
In 1879 the village of Schoppershof received its own, newly built school on the site of today's Bismarck School. In 1881 there were 244 boys and girls in three classes. With the incorporation of Schoppershof into the rapidly growing city of Nuremberg in 1899, the school in the new district proved to be too small.
As part of the Nuremberg school building program under Lord Mayor Johann Georg von Schuh , a modern building in Art Nouveau style was built next to the old school building on Bismarckstrasse in the years 1902–1904 according to plans by the city's building officer Georg Kuch (1862–1928) and the head of the city's building department Carl Weber .
During the First World War , parts of the school served as a hospital . At the end of the Second World War , classes were temporarily suspended due to the bombing of Nuremberg and the evacuation of school children. When the city was bombarded by artillery in 1945 , shells damaged part of the building and destroyed the old Schoppershof schoolhouse. After the city was conquered, the US Army occupied the schoolhouse. Classes were resumed in shifts in October 1945.
The best-known student of the Bismarck School was the writer Hermann Kesten , who started school in 1906 and attended the school until 1910.
architecture
The school building, completed in 1904, was built from two four-storey wings at right angles to each other, the one on today's Welserstrasse housed the boys 'school and the one on Fröbelstrasse the girls' school . The wings were connected by a part of the building with the auditorium and gym, which were accessible from both wings. An octagonal clock tower towered over the building as a landmark for the district.
The school house contained 32 classrooms, a drawing room and technical rooms. The equipment corresponded to modern technology with gas lighting and central heating , which also supplied the shower bath in the basement with warm water, into which the students were taken weekly to shower. The toilets were equipped with flushing devices and ventilation - facilities that were lacking in most homes of the time. A school garden was laid out in front of the wings. The building was richly decorated inside and outside with Art Nouveau elements.
The building, made of red sandstone, has exterior facades structured around the window axes with stucco and sgraffiti . Plant ornaments, animals and mythical creatures adorn the building. Angels greet with quotes from the Bible over the entrances to the boys 'and girls' school at the time. The rectangular building connecting the two school wings has three sandstone reliefs on two sides that represent the school subjects: Earth globe, gymnast rings in front of the gymnast's cross and an owl on the east side stand for geography, physical education in the sense of gymnastics father Jahn and for the wisdom to be imparted at school . On the south side, plant clusters, lyre, compasses and triangles symbolize the subjects biology, the musical subjects music and art as well as the geometric and manual skills.
The roof, which is covered with dormer windows , is framed by curved gables with turrets and city coats of arms and roof turrets . The school and the district are dominated by a 47 m high octagonal clock tower. The outer wall on Bismarckstrasse is adorned with a large relief with the virgin eagle of the Nuremberg city arms.
Reliefs with fairy tale motifs were placed above the building entrances at the schoolyard. Above the boys' entrance, the story of the bad boys from Struwwelpeter warns of the consequences of bullying . Above the girls' entrance, the faithful Eckart warns the girls about the "unholy sisters". Winged toads sit on roof corners, a fish as a gargoyle filled a well on the house wall.
Inside, the Bismarck School was equipped with high quality granite steps in the stairwells, railings made of Jura limestone and shell limestone columns. Two-tone tiles in a diamond pattern were laid in the corridors . Sandstone friezes each with different animal and plant motifs decorate the doors to the classrooms. A coat of arms of Lord Mayor Georg Ritter von Schuh in the auditorium commemorates the sponsor of the school building.
The building is a monument , registered in the Bavarian monument list (file no. D-5-64-000-224).
literature
- Leaves for architecture and handicrafts , 20th year 1907, No. 2, p. 5 f. and panels 14-16.
- Franz Bauer: The school buildings in Bismarckstrasse. Draft of a history of their development and growth from 1879 to 1959. 1960. (unpublished manuscript in the Nuremberg City Library, call number Nor. 4. 5126 )
- Michael Diefenbacher, Endres Rudolf (Hrsg.): Stadtlexikon Nürnberg. 2nd edition, Tümmels, Nürnberg 2000, ISBN 3-921590-69-8 .
- Sebastian Gulden: The Bismarck School. A pearl of Art Nouveau. In: Dieter Zylla, Brigitte Egerer (Hrsg.): The historical reading book of the Bismarck School Nuremberg. Self-published by the Bismarck School, Nuremberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-00-049994-4 .
Web links
- Website of the primary school Bismarckstrasse Nuremberg
- Website of the secondary school Bismarckstrasse Nuremberg
Individual evidence
- ↑ Schoppershof. In: Stadtlexikon Nürnberg , p. 949.
- ↑ Schuh, Johann Georg Ritter von. In: Stadtlexikon Nürnberg , p. 954.
- ↑ Kuch, Georg. In: Stadtlexikon Nürnberg , p. 592.
- ↑ School buildings. In: Stadtlexikon Nürnberg , p. 956.
- ^ Hermann Kesten Society
- ↑ List of architectural monuments in the Nuremberg districts of Wöhrd and Rennweg