Blue lupine
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Narrow-leaved lupine ( Lupinus angustifolius ) |
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| Lupinus angustifolius | ||||||||||||
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The blue lupine or narrow-leaved lupine ( Lupinus angustifolius ) is a representative of the lupins .
description
The narrow-leaved lupine is an annual or biennial herbaceous plant that reaches a stature height of 40 to 80 centimeters. The hairy stem is round, upright and light green in color. The leaves are arranged alternately, hairy on both sides and five to seven times incised in the shape of a hand. The individual sections are oblong, obovate or lanceolate. Terminal clusters are formed as inflorescences . The zygomorphic , blue butterfly flowers stand on short stems. The tip of the shuttle is often purple-purple. Flowering time is from May to August.
The fruits are densely hairy, straight pods containing four to seven seeds .
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 40 or 48.
Distribution and location requirements
The natural range is the Mediterranean. In Africa it occurs naturally in Algeria, Egypt and Morocco, in Asia in Israel, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey, in Europe on Cyprus, in Bulgaria, the states of the former Yugoslavia, Greece with Crete, Italy with Sardinia and Sicily, in France with Corsica, Portugal and Spain. It was naturalized as an ornamental plant in Central Europe even before cultivation began at the beginning of the 19th century. Today it can be found all over Central Europe. It thrives on sandy, lime-poor, moist soils and stands on the edges of forests, roads and paths.
Systematics
There are two subspecies:
- Lupinus angustifolius subsp. angustifolius
- Lupinus angustifolius subsp. reticulatus (Desv.) Arcang.
use
The plant lives symbiotically with nitrogen- binding root nodule bacteria and can therefore be used as a raw soil pioneer, for green manure and to improve poor forest soils. At the beginning of the 20th century, low-bitter varieties of yellow and white lupins were bred, which are suitable as protein-rich green fodder for livestock. Low-alkaloid seeds can also be eaten by humans; they contain around 25% fat and 40% high-quality protein, including the two essential amino acids methionine and tryptophan . Since 1997, after successful breeding, blue sweet lupine varieties have also been approved for commercial cultivation, which, in addition to a significantly higher yield potential, also have a lower sensitivity to frost and anthracnose .
proof
literature
- Klaus Becker, Stefan John: Color atlas useful plants in Central Europe . Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 2000, ISBN 3-8001-4134-5 , p. 119
- Ulrich Schmiechen et al .: Growing guide for blue sweet lupins . BayWa AG, Munich, 2011
Individual evidence
- ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 579.
- ↑ a b Lupinus angustifolius. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, accessed May 30, 2009 .
Web links
- Blue lupine. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Blue lupine . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Lupinus angustifolius L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved November 10, 2015.
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )