Blutgasse
| Blutgasse | |
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| Basic data | |
| place | Vienna |
| District | Inner city |
| Created | no later than the 14th century |
| Hist. Names | Kotgässel, Kotgässel with the German men, Gasse behind the German men, Kergässel, Milchgasse |
| Cross streets | Domgasse , Singerstrasse |
| Buildings | Trient Court, Canon House, Teutonic Order House , Fähnrichshof |
| use | |
| User groups | pedestrian |
| Road design | Pedestrian zone |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | approx. 115 meters |
The Blutgasse located on the 1st Viennese district of Inner City . The area, called the Blutgassenviertel , is one of the oldest and most picturesque in the city.
history
The foundations of the houses on Blutgasse go back to the Middle Ages; the area is one of the oldest in Vienna. In 1368 it was first mentioned as Kotgässel by the German gentlemen , in 1392 it was only called Kotgässel . Further mentions of the alley speak of the alley behind the German gentlemen (1394), the Kergässel (1406 and 1411), the Blutgasse (since 1547) and the Milchgasse (1600); the official name Blutgasse has been in effect since 1862 . The interpretation of these names is unclear, although the name Kotgässel seems to be related to the condition of the road. In order to explain the name Blutgasse there is a tradition that speaks of slaughterhouses in the area, whereby the blood shed in the process is said to have run through the alley; Another tradition connects the name with the Knights Templar , who are said to have been slaughtered in the ensign's court in 1312, whereupon the street was full of their shed blood. Both stories are not considered valid by historians. After the area became very dilapidated after the Second World War, Herbert Thurner and Friedrich Euler carried out the first revitalization of the quarter between 1960 and 1965 , which, however, involved extensive changes in the interior. From 1989 to 1991 the facades were renovated and their baroque shape restored.
Location and characteristics
The Blutgasse runs from Domgasse in a south-westerly direction to Singerstrasse. It is a narrow old town street designed as a pedestrian zone . At the end of Singerstrasse, candle arches span the street. There are extensive building complexes here with picturesque inner courtyards and pavilions , some of which are interconnected. Their external appearance dates from the 16th and 17th centuries, although the building fabric is mostly older. As a result of the revitalization measures, the houses are now inhabited. Mostly tourists like to visit this area. All buildings are under monument protection .
Buildings
No. 1 Trienter Hof
The building, also known as the Domherrenhof , Altes Chorherrenhaus or Strudenhof , originally goes back to two different medieval buildings. The name Trienter Hof comes from one of the owners, Konrad Hinderbach, who was canon of Trient from 1470–1488 . In 1753–1755, today's rental house with two courtyards was built by Johann Enzenhofer. The builder Francesco d'Allio lived in the previous building from 1733–1736, and the musician Georg Hellmesberger senior lived in the current building before 1850 . The house is at the main address Domgasse 4.
No. 2 Domherrenhof
On the Blutgasse is the simple back of the canon court, which was built by Leopold Mayr from 1837–1842 in the late Classicist style as a through-house with two inner courtyards. The main address is at Stephansplatz 5.
No. 3 Medieval town house
The core of the building dates from the 1st half of the 13th century. It originally consisted of three parts and was then combined and expanded with an additional court wing in 1558–1560. Finally, after 1733 there was an increase in storeys and a new facade as well as the installation of a staircase and pawlatschen. The baroque facade is bent several times and changed on the ground floor. The two-storey upper zone is pulled together by plaster frames and has stone-framed windows. Particularly noteworthy are the two irregular Pawlatschenhöfe, one behind the other, which lead as a passage to Grünangergasse. In the back there is a late Gothic or Renaissance window on the ground floor. A stone arched portal leads to the cellar. There is still significant late Romanesque building fabric from the 1st half of the 13th century with quarry stone masonry and 5 arched slotted windows. In the house there is a groin vaulted foyer, on the ground floor a needle cap barrel.
No. 4 Teutonic Order House
In the Blutgasse lies the rear of the Teutonic Order House, after which the alley was originally named (Kotgässel for the German gentlemen). At the corner of Singerstrasse, the facade is structured by pilasters in Baroque style, following the main facade, followed by a six-axis early Baroque facade structure, which is characterized by triangular and segmented arched gable roofs and cordon cornices. At the right end there is another, simpler facade from the 4th quarter of the 16th century, which is divided by cornices. The main address of the Teutonic Order House is at Singerstraße 7.
No. 5 To the green Raith board
The late classicist rental house was built in 1819 over an older core. The facade is simply structured by cordon and sill cornices. Inside there is a spiral two-pillar staircase with the original railing. The roof structure is also partially preserved. Quarry stone masonry is partially visible in the barrel-vaulted cellar.
No. 7 and 9 Large and Small Ensign Courts
The buildings known as the Großer and Kleiner Fähnrichshof are part of a building complex that dates back to the Middle Ages and included the houses at Blutgasse 5, 7 and 9 as well as Singerstraße 11. According to not authenticated reports, the Templars should have owned a court here. In any case, the houses were owned by the adjoining Cistercian convent of St. Nikolai and were separated in 1534/35, divided into lots and rented out. One of the four citizens' companies, namely those of the Carinthian Quarter, gathered here with their flag. A mural of an ensign mentioned in 1566 gave the houses their name. In 1684 the bookbinder and Foreign Councilor Johann Konrad Ludwig acquired the spacious building. 1702–1703 a reconstruction was carried out by the neighboring Poor Clares. The houses were given their current appearance in 1819, with 7 houses now around a large inner courtyard. The humanist Johannes Cuspinian and the composer Wenzel Müller lived here.
No. 7 is called the Great Fähnrichshof. It is one of the rare high medieval town houses in Vienna from the 1st half of the 13th century. From 1559–1563 there was an increase and the establishment of a courtyard-side spiral staircase and the hallway. After 1664 the cellar was built, and between 1675 and 1679 another storey and a new facade was added, which is still preserved on the courtyard side. In 1743 the street facade was redone and additional basement floors were added. The street facade has contracted window axes on the upper floor. The stair tower shows sloping windows. In a room on the ground floor you can see the rare example of rising masonry from the first half of the 13th century.
No. 9 is known as the Kleiner Fähnrichshof and is on the corner with Singerstrasse. Its core dates back to the 16th century and was a Renaissance town house, the current facade is baroque and dates from the 1st quarter of the 18th century. A middle bay is on Singerstrasse. On the upper floor, vertically drawn window axes can be seen through plastered areas. The baroque wooden door in a shoulder arch portal has some original fittings.
literature
- Richard Perger: streets, towers and bastions. The road network of the Vienna City in its development and its name . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1991, ISBN 3-7005-4628-9 , p. 25.
- Blutgasse in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
- Bundesdenkmalamt (Ed.): Dehio-Handbuch Wien. I. District - Inner City . Verlag Berger, Horn 2003, ISBN 3-85028-366-6 , pp. 650-652.
Web links
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 27.8 " N , 16 ° 22 ′ 27.3" E