Bloody Sunday (Turkey)
The Bloody Sunday ( Turkish kanlı Pazar ) in Turkey refers to 16 February 1969 at the against the application of the 6th Fleet of the United States in Istanbul was protested. Left-wing protesters have been attacked by right-wing protesters. There were 2 deaths.
prehistory
Protests against the US 6th Fleet took place in Istanbul on April 9, 1966 and October 7, 1968. There were also protests in July 1968. As a result, on July 17, 1968, the police in Istanbul searched a student residence at Istanbul University . The law student Vedat Demircioğlu were pushed out of the window and died.
On February 10, 1969, the 6th Fleet anchored off Dolmabahçe (Istanbul). Protests were held in various cities in Turkey. Students, trade unions and other left opposition forces had gathered in Istanbul to organize a rally. The motto of the rally was “Against Imperialism and Exploitation”. The protest march should start in Beyazıt Square and lead to Taksim Square .
The organizers hung a portrait of Vedat Demircioğlu, who was killed the previous year, on the Beyazıt Tower . This was reported in the press as "raising the communist flag". Thereupon the association for the fight against communism with the support of the AP and MHP organized a rally on February 14, 1969 under the motto “Respect for the flag”. Here an attack on the demonstration was called in two days. Corresponding headlines appeared in press organs such as Bugün and Sabah . Mehmet Şevket Eygi called for jihad .
Bloody Sunday
The demonstration on February 16, 1969 had been registered by 76 youth organizations. The association for the fight against communism (tr: Komünizmle Mücadele Cemiyeti ) had called for a counter-demonstration. During the rally, radical right groups attacked the protesting people under the protection of the police. Ali Turgut Aytaç and Duran Erdoğan were killed in the presence of the police. Hundreds of people were injured. Other sources speak of 114 injured.
The crowd of 10,000 people wanted to march from Hürriyet Square in Beyazıt to Taksim. Speeches should be given there and then parting. At 4:20 p.m. the demonstrators had arrived in Gümüşsuyu (part of Istanbul). When 1,000 people reached Taksim Square, the train was stopped by the police. 9,000 people were cut off. The unarmed demonstrators in the square were attacked with knives, chains and clubs by 400 to 500 attackers who were admitted by the police. The police blocked İstiklal Caddesi and the way to Sıraselviler.
Criticism of what happened
Forty years after the incident, it is still being debated. Yaşar Okuyan, who was one of the “idealists” at the time, dedicated longer passages to the event in his book Jene Jahre (Turkish: O Yıllar ). In an interview with the television station OdaTV he said u. a.
“At that time we were in the National Student Federation of Turkey (tr: Türkiye Milli Talebe Federasyonu , TMTF). It was under the leadership of a group we called idealists, nationalists . The National Turkish Student Union (tr: Milli Türk Talebe Birliği , MTTB) was at that time (1968-1969) under the control of Islamic thoughts. We took part in some of their actions because we wanted to take them over.
One day it was said that the communists wanted to occupy Taksim Square. We should be at the Union at 5 a.m. to counteract this. Seven or eight of us went there. There sticks were distributed from two trucks . We were given blue ribbons to be recognized as anti-communists among each other and by the police. We then just watched from a distance. There were probably 20-30,000 people. The members of the Federation of Opinion Clubs (tr: Fikir Kulüpleri Federasyonu ) came from Gümüşsuyu to Taksim Square. The attack took place directly in front of the Marmara Hotel. The police only beat those without a blue ribbon. It should be clarified who from the current government was active in the student union at that time. "
The chairman of the People's Voice Party (HAS Party), Numan Kurtulmuş , wished that the religious-conservative circles would have participated in the protests against the 6th Fleet.
Individual evidence
- ^ Brief history of the Republic of Turkey. grundrisse.net; Retrieved April 22, 2011
- ↑ a b c d e f g Kanlı Pazar: İktidar yönetiminde kanlı oyun . Bloody game under the direction of the government; created on February 1, 2011; Retrieved April 22, 2011
- ↑ a b c d Kanlı Pazar ; Bloody Sunday, author Muzaffer İlhan Erdost, November 30, 1999; Retrieved April 22, 2011
- ↑ Orhan Tüleylİoğlu: Neden Öldürüldüler? (Why were they killed?) Uğur Mumcu Foundation publications, 2007, ISBN 978-975-8084-93-7 .
- ↑ a b Kanli pazar olayi nedİr? ( Memento of the original from December 10, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; What is the bloody Sunday incident; Interview with Nergis Demirkaya, published in Uyanış Haber , November 28, 2010; Retrieved April 22, 2011
- ↑ a b Ayhan Bilgin: The 1968 movement in Turkey (PDF; 141 kB); published in Utopie Kreativ , H. 213/214 (July / August 2008), pp. 628-645; Retrieved April 22, 2011
- ↑ 40. yılında tüm ayrıntıları ile 12 Mart muhtırası (1) , series on the 40th anniversary of the memorandum, published on March 10, 2011; Retrieved April 19, 2011
- ↑ 68'liler Kanlı Pazarı unutmadı ( Memento of the original from August 1, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Daily Evrensel , February 17, 2008; Retrieved April 19, 2001
- ↑ Kanlı Pazar'dan dersimizi aldık ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. We learned our lesson from the bloody Sunday. In: Zaman , February 15, 2011; Retrieved April 22, 2011
- ↑ a b c Kanli pazar'da hükümetten kİmler vardi? Who in the government was on Bloody Sunday? published March 10, 2010; Retrieved April 22, 2011
- ↑ Also known as debating clubs; see the history of the development of Dev-Genç
