Brandenburg Gate (Kaliningrad)
The Brandenburg Gate ( Russian Бранденбургские ворота , Brandenburgskije worota) is located in the Russian city of Kaliningrad , the former Prussian Königsberg . It is located near the South Railway Station, at the intersection of Suvorova Street, Zheleznodorozhnaya Street and Bagrationa Street, which leads through the gate.
It is named after the small East Prussian town of Brandenburg located on the Frischen Haff , today's Uschakowo , in the direction of which the street leading through the gate goes. It is the only former Königsberg city gate that can still be passed through today.
history
The gate was part of the fortification systems of the city of Königsberg in the southwest of the Haberberg district . In 1860 the floor plan was designed according to the military requirements of the time. It had two passages and the cassettes were with loopholes provided. There was a protective moat with a drawbridge on the outside of the gate . The city's first and second ramparts converged at the Brandenburg Gate. In the Battle of Königsberg , bitter fighting was fought at the Brandenburg Gate. Reichsstrasse 1 ran through the gate until 1945 . In 1960 it was declared a cultural and architectural monument.
The restoration began in 2012, as the trams passing through the gate severely damaged the gate due to strong ground vibrations. First the ailing roof is renewed and then the damaged parts of the brick walls are repaired. The two high reliefs are to be restored in 2013. The completion of the work is planned for 2014.
architecture
The facade was designed by the architect Friedrich August Stüler during the reign of the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm IV . The Brandenburg Gate is built symmetrically in the neo-Gothic style. Although the gates are relatively low, the pointed arch creates a light and upward-looking impression. This effect is reinforced by the numerous ornamental sandstone flowers. There are formed arched entrances on the gate flanks, which lead to the inner casemates of the gate. Two high reliefs are embedded in the gable facing the city. The left represents Hermann von Boyen and the right Ernst Ludwig von Aster .
photos
around 1914
out of town over the moat
The Brandenburg Gate in Koenigsberg / Kaliningrad
The Brandenburg Gate with a "Tatra T4" tram in 2004
literature
- Robert Albinus: Königsberg Lexicon. City and surroundings . Flechsig, Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-88189-441-1 .
- Richard Armstedt: history of the royal. Capital and residence city of Königsberg in Prussia. Hobbing & Büchle, Stuttgart 1899 ( German land and life in single descriptions . 2, city stories), (reprint: Melchior-Verlag, Wolfenbüttel 2006, ISBN 3-939102-70-9 ( historical library )).
- Fritz Gause : The history of the city of Königsberg in Prussia. 3 volumes. 2nd / 3rd supplemented edition. Böhlau, Cologne et al. 1996, ISBN 3-412-08896-X .
- Johann Friedrich Goldbeck (Ed.): Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia. Part 1: Topography of East Prussia. Kanter, Königsberg et al. 1785 (reprint: Association for family research in East and West Prussia, Hamburg 1990).
- Jürgen Manthey : Königsberg - history of a world citizenship republic . Hanser , Munich 2005, ISBN 3-446-20619-1 .
- Frey Herr von Schroetter : Map of East Prussia together with Prussian Litthauen and West Prussia together with Netzedistrict. Sheet 6: Labiau, Königsberg, Wehlau. Simon Schropp, Berlin 1796–1802 (facsimile: Hans Mortensen (Ed.): Historisch-Geographischer Atlas des Preußenlandes. Part 6. Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden 1978, ISBN 3-515-02671-1 ), (approx. 1: 160 000).
- Gunnar Strunz: Discover Königsberg. Between Memel and fresh lagoon . Trescher, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-89794-071-X .
- Samuel Gottlieb Wald : Topographical overview of the administrative district of the Royal Prussian Government in Königsberg in Prussia. Degen, Königsberg 1820 (reprint: self-published by the Association for Family Research in East and West Prussia eV, Hamburg 1979 ( special publications of the Association for Family Research in East and West Prussia eV 43, ISSN 0505-2734 )).
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Brandenburg Gate is being renovated. Königsberger Express , November 30, 2012, accessed on August 28, 2018 .
Web links
Coordinates: 54 ° 42 ′ N , 20 ° 30 ′ E