Brown-winged parrot tit

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Brown-winged parrot tit
Brown-winged parrot (Sinosuthora brunnea), colored lithograph after John Gould

Brown-winged parrot ( Sinosuthora brunnea ),
colored lithograph after John Gould

Systematics
Order : Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination : Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily : Sylvioidea
Family : Warblers (Sylviidae)
Genre : Sinosuthora
Type : Brown-winged parrot tit
Scientific name
Sinosuthora brunnea
( Anderson , 1871)

The brown-winged parrot tit ( Sinosuthora brunnea , Syn . : Paradoxornis brunneus , Suthora brunnea ) is a species of bird from the warbler family (Sylviidae), which is native to parts of Myanmar and the Chinese provinces of Yunnan and Sichuan . It is endemic in the endemic bird area "Yunnan Mountains" .

Usually it is only scattered, but is common locally. The population of the brown-winged parrot tit was classified in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 2016 as “ Least Concern (LC) ” = “not endangered”.

It used to be assigned to the family of the parrot's beaks (Paradoxornithidae), but after a reorganization in 2010 it was incorporated into the warblers.

description

The brown-winged parrot becomes about 12-13 cm long and is roughly comparable in size to a tailed tit . The body weight of the males is between 8 and 13 g, that of the females between 6 and 10 g. The relatively strong, short beak is brownish to whitish-yellow with a blackish beak ridge. The iris is brown and takes on a reddish-brown tint during the breeding season. The orbital ring is white. There is no sexual dimorphism .

Birds of the nominate form are colored light chestnut on the vertex, the sides of the head and on the upper back. These areas contrast with the dark brown top. The throat and front breast are colored wine-red and interspersed with dark chestnut-colored dashes and clearly stand out from the rest of the light underside, which is particularly yellowish beige in the middle. Upper wing-coverts and control feathers are dark brown like the upper side, the wings have light hems that are ash-colored to yellowish-brown on the hand wings , but are missing on the two outer ones.

Birds in juvenile plumage differ from adult animals in that they have a dull and lighter colored crown and upper back, which is less distinct from the rest of the upper side. This is darker and more reddish, the underside is more brownish and more uniform without clear dashed lines.

Subspecies

In addition to the nominate form, two other subspecies are recognized. At S. b. ricketti are crown and upper back darker chestnut colored, the rest of the upper side more gray, throat and front breast whitish-pink and the remaining underside is lighter than in the nominate form. S. b. styani stands between the two aforementioned forms, but the underside is more similar to S. b. ricketti .

  • S. b. brunnea ( Anderson , 1871) - east center and northeast of Myanmar eastward to the west and northwest of Yunnan (west of the Yulong Xueshan and the Er Hai ).
  • S. b. styani ( Rippon , 1903) - Dali in northwest Yunnan.
  • S. b. ricketti Rothschild , 1922 - southwestern Sichuan (from Yalong Jiang ) southwest to northwest Yunnan (to Yulong Xueshan and east of Er Hai)

Way of life

The brown-winged parrot colonized bushes, thickets and grass stocks; sometimes it can be found at the edges of light forests. The altitude distribution is between 1500 and 2800 m. Outside the breeding season, the species can be found in pairs or in troops of up to 35 individuals, which move quickly through the area in search of food. A continuous, sparrow-like chirping can be heard. The diet consists of grass seeds. Small stones and sand are ingested for digestion.

The breeding season is between April and June. The nest is a relatively deep, compact bowl made of grass, which is sometimes blocked with a little moss and padded with fine stalks, animal hair or the like. It is usually about 60 cm high in grasses, rushes, blackberry bushes, bushes or creepers. The clutch consists of two to four eggs, which are light or medium blue and about 16 × 13 mm in size.

literature

  • Craig Robson : Brown-winged Parrotbill (Paradoxornis brunneus). In: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, David Christie: Handbook of the Birds of the World . Volume 12: Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, 2007 (Revision 2013), p. 315.
  • John Penhallurick, Craig Robson: The generic taxonomy of parrotbills (Aves, Timaliidae). In: Forktail. 25, 2009, pp. 137-141 ( PDF file ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sinosuthora brunnea in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2017. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2016. Accessed November 19, 2018th
  2. ↑ taxonomy Updates - v2.6, October 23, 2010, Seq 163

Web links