Brown-backed tamarin
| Brown-backed tamarin | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg)
Brown-backed tamarin ( Leontocebus fuscicollis ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Leontocebus fuscicollis | ||||||||||||
| ( Spix , 1823) |
The brown-backed tamarin ( Leontocebus fuscicollis , syn .: Saguinus fuscicollis ) is a species of primate from the marmoset family (Callitrichidae). It lives in several subspecies in northern South America .
features
Brown-backed tamarins, like all marmosets, are relatively small primates, they reach a weight of around 320 to 550 grams. The shoulders and front legs are black or dark brown, the rear part of the back and the rear legs are brown, the trunk can turn reddish at the rear end. The head is black, the large ears are hairless, the muzzle is white. As with all marmosets, the fingers and toes (with the exception of the big toe) have claws instead of nails.
distribution and habitat
Brown-backed tamarins are native to the western Amazon basin between the Amazon and the Rio Juruá . Their habitat are tropical rainforests , although they prefer areas densely covered with undergrowth such as forest edges and secondary forests . They occur up to 1200 meters above sea level.
Lifestyle and diet
Like all tamarins, these primates are diurnal tree dwellers. In the branches they move on all fours or jumping, thanks to their claws they are also good at climbing vertical trunks. They usually stay in the lower tree layers (less than 10 meters).
Brown-backed tamarins live in groups of 3 to 8 animals. Groups usually consist of several males, one female and the associated young animals. They often socialize with other types of tamarin, such as the imperial mustache tamarin . These socializations probably serve to be able to discover predators more quickly.
They are omnivores that mainly eat insects, fruits and nectar.
Reproduction
The female mates with all males in the group ( polyandry ). Twins are usually born after a gestation period of around 140 to 150 days. The young are very large, at birth they already have around 25% of the mother's weight. All group members, especially the males, take part in raising the young. They carry them and only give them to the mother to suckle. Sexual maturity occurs towards the end of the second year of life.
Danger
Brown-backed tamarins are common and widespread, with no known major threats. The IUCN lists the species as "not endangered" ( least concern ).
Systematics
Today four of the former 14 subspecies are still recognized, in addition to the nominate form Leontocebus fuscicollis fuscicollis , L. f. avilapiresi , L. f. mura and L. f. primitivus . Other former subspecies are now considered separate species, the Brown Sattelrückentamarin ( L. fuscus ), the Schwarzkopftamarin ( L. illigeri ), the Rotschultertamarin ( L. lagonotus ), the Andean Sattelrückentamarin ( L. leucogenys ), the Schwarzstirntamarin ( L. nigrifrons ), the golden-coat tamarin ( L. tripartitus ), the black- coat tamarin ( L. weddelli ) and Leontocebus cruzlimai . The white-mantled tamarin ( L. weddelli melanoleucus ) is now assigned to the black- mantled tamarin as a subspecies. In the former subspecies L. f. accrensis are hybrids between L. fuscicollis fuscicollis and L. weddelli melanoleucus .
literature
- Thomas Geissmann : Comparative Primatology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin et al. 2003, ISBN 3-540-43645-6 .
- Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World . A taxonomic and geographic Reference. 3rd edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b A. B. Rylands & RA Mittermeier: Family Callitrichidae (Marmosets and Tamarins). Page 327 in Russell A. Mittermeier , Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson : Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Primates: 3rd ISBN 978-8496553897
Web links
- Information at Animal Diversity Web
- Information at theprimata.com
- Saguinus fuscicollis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2008. Posted by: Rylands, AB & Mitter Meier, RA, 2008. Accessed on 18 1st of 2009.