Dry-nosed primates

Dry-nosed primates
Bonobo ( Pan paniscus )
Systematics
Subclass : Higher mammals (Eutheria) Superordinate : Euarchontoglires without rank: Euarchonta without rank: Primatomorpha Order : Primates (Primates) Subordination : Dry-nosed primates
Scientific name
Haplorrhini
Pocock , 1918
Partial orders
Koboldmakis (Tarsiiformes) New World Monkey (Platyrrhini) Old World Monkey (Catarrhini)

The dry-nosed primates , dry-nosed monkeys or hair- nosed monkeys (Haplorhini or Haplorrhini) are a subordinate kinship group of primates , to which humans also belong in the biological system . They are contrasted with the wet-nosed primates and are divided into the Koboldmakis and the monkeys . Traditionally, the Koboldmakis were combined with the wet-nosed primates as half-monkeys .

General

The dry- nosed primates, to which humans also belong, differ in a number of features from the wet-nosed primates, such as the nasal mirror (rhinarium), which is not present in the dry- nosed primates , which is also reflected in a rather poor sense of smell ; these animals also have a bony wall between the eye and temples . In addition, single births predominate in dry-nosed primates.

distribution

Dry-nosed primates (without humans) occur in tropical and subtropical areas of America and Africa (but not in Madagascar ), in Gibraltar and in South and Southeast Asia as far as Japan . The Barbary Macaque ( Macaca sylvanus ) is the only free living primate species in Europe ( Rock of Gibraltar ).

Humans inhabit all continents, with the exception of Antarctica.

Systematics

The dry-nosed primates are divided into the following groups:

• The Koboldmakis in Southeast Asia and the extinct Omomyidae originally distributed in North America and Eurasia . They used to be combined with the wet-nosed primates as semi-monkeys .
• Monkeys
  • The New World monkeys only occur on the American continent, hence the name. They are divided into five families: marmosets (Callitrichidae), capuchin monkeys (Cebidae), night monkeys (Aotidae), spotted monkeys (Atelidae) and sakia monkeys (Pitheciidae).
  • The Old World monkeys from Eurasia and Africa are in turn split into two superfamilies: the caudate Old World monkeys (Cercopithecoidea), whose only extant family Cercopithecidae are (Cercopithecidae), and the human-like (Hominoidea) to which the gibbons and apes (including Hominini ) belong.

The diagram illustrates the relationships:

Dry- nosed primates (Haplorrhini)

Monkey (anthropoidea)   New World Monkey (Platyrrhini)  Spike-tailed monkeys (Atelidae)     Night monkeys (Aotidae)     Marmosets (Callitrichidae)     Capuchins (Cebidae)     Sakia monkeys (Pitheciidae)  Old World Monkey (Catarrhini)   Tailed Old World Monkey (Cercopithecoidea)  Vervet monkey relatives (Cercopithecidae)  Human (Hominoidea)  Gibbons (Hylobatidae)     Apes (Hominidae) inkl.Mensch     Koboldmakis (Tarsiiformes)

literature

• Thomas Geissmann : Comparative Primatology. Springer, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-540-43645-6 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Thomas Geissmann : Comparative Primatology. Springer, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-540-43645-6 , p. 99.
2. ↑ Gisela Grupe, Kerrin Christiansen, Inge Schröder, Ursula Wittwer-Ofen: Anthropologie: An introductory textbook . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 2005, ISBN 3-540-21159-4 , pp. 5 .
3. ^ Wolfgang Maier: Primates . In: Wilfried Westheide, Reinhard Rieger (Ed.): Special Zoology . Part 2: vertebrates or skulls. 1st edition. Spectrum Academic Publishing House (Elsevier), Heidelberg / Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-8274-0307-3 , p. 566 .
4. ↑ Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell: Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level . Columbia University Press, New York 1997, ISBN 0-231-11012-X , pp. 336 .
5. ^ Colin P. Groves: Order Primates . In: Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference . Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 , pp. 127 .

Web links

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