Leontocebus cruzlimai
| Leontocebus cruzlimai | ||||||||||||
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On this drawing by Eládio Cruz Lima, Leontocebus cruzlimai is shown in the middle right, above are two brown-backed tamarins ( L. fuscicollis ), below a black- mantled tamarin ( L. weddelli ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Leontocebus cruzlimai | ||||||||||||
| ( Hershkovitz , 1966) |
Leontocebus cruzlimai is a species of the marmoset family(Callitrichidae) that occurs in the western Amazon basin in the south of the Brazilian state of Amazonas . In English the species is called Cruz Lima's saddle-back tamarin . Native names are sauím and sauím-vermelho or soim-vermelho .
distribution
The distribution area consists of lowland rainforest ( Terra Firme forest) and is located northwest of the confluence of the Rio Acre in the Rio Purus . It is bounded in the south and east by the central Rio Purus and in the north by its tributary Rio Pauini. It is not yet known whether it extends west to the south bank of the Rio Juruá .
features
Leontocebus cruzlimai is predominantly rust-colored to reddish-orange, the back is black and white-beige piebald, the tops of the hands and feet are slightly blackish. The hair around the mouth is gray-white, above the eyes there is a continuous white eyebrow that is bent down at the ends. Leontocebus cruzlimai can be distinguished from other tamarins found in neighboring regions mainly by the reddish-orange arms and the top of the head of the same color.
Leontocebus cruzlimai reaches a head-trunk length of about 25 cm and a tail length of about 29 cm. This makes the species slightly larger than neighboring tamarin species, but has a slightly shorter tail.
Systematics
The shape was described in 1966 by the American mammalogen Philip Hershkovitz as Saguinus fuscicollis cruzlimai , i.e. as a subspecies of the brown-backed tamarin ( S. fuscicollis ) and named after Eládio Cruz Lima, author of a book about the mammals of the Amazon. The description was based on a drawing by Eládio Cruz Lima in his book Mammals of Amazonia . The drawing by Cruz Lima was based on a museum specimen that has since been lost, the origin of which was not exactly known and which Cruz Lima believed to be a young animal of the brown-backed tamarin. Since the animal differed in color from the brown-backed tamarin and tamarins did not change their fur color as they grew older, Hershkovitz assumed that it must be a previously undescribed subspecies. Hershkovitz stated that it comes from the upper Rio Purus. In the following time, the shape was not observed in the wild. It was only in June 2002 that Tomas van Roosmalen, son of the Dutch primatologist Marc van Roosmalen , observed four specimens on the west bank of the Rio Purus. In 2011 the shape was finally found and photographed in the Purus National Forest on the north bank of the Rio Inauini and on the left bank of the Rio Purus. A DNA comparison showed that the shape is the sister species of the black- coated tamarin ( S. weddelli ). Both forms separated from each other about 1.16 million years ago. The red marmosets from the middle Rio Purus were newly described and raised to the rank of an independent species. At the same time, the nigricollis group became an independent genus within the tamarins and the red marmoset was given the scientific name Leontocebus cruzlimai .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Ricardo Sampaio, Fábio Röhe, Gabriela Pinho, José de Sousa e Silva-Júnior, Izeni Pires Farias and Anthony B. Rylands: Re-description and Assessment of the Taxonomic Status of Saguinus fuscicollis cruzlimai Hershkovitz, 1966 (Primates , Callitrichinae). Primates. 56 (2), 2015, pp. 131–144. DOI: 10.1007 / s10329-015-0458-2
- ↑ Philip Hershkovitz: Taxonomic notes on tamarins, genus Saguinus (Callithricidae, Primates), with descriptions of four new forms. Folia Primatol 4, 1966, pp. 381-395