Buhnenwerder (Plauer See)
.jpg)
Buhnenwerder is an island in the lake area of the Brandenburg Havel lakes . It is differentiated from the seagull island Buhnenwerder in the Beetzsee , which also belongs to the city of Brandenburg an der Havel. It belongs to the 192 hectare Buhnenwerder-Wusterau nature reserve .
location
Buhnenwerder is surrounded in the northwest by the Plauer See , from the south to the east by the Breitlingsee and the Möserschen See in the west.
Buhnenwerder has an area of 32 hectares with a length (largest north-north-east-south-south-west extension) of 1.19 km and a width (largest north-west-south-east extension) of 450 m. The ground plan of the island is almost like a rectangle, which is placed on its south-south-west point and has pronounced land projections at its south-south-west, east and north-east corners. The terrain rises slightly towards the center of the island.
Emergence
Buhnenwerder, along with the other islands in the Plauer lake area, is one of the “remnants of a valley sand plain east and south of the Brandenburg Havel lakes, which was formed at the end of the Pleistocene when the glaciers of the Vistula Ice Age thawed partly through dead ice . After the dead ice had thawed, the areas between the various blocks of dead ice remained as isolated plateaus, which today form the islands of these lakes. "
history
As early as the Stone Age, Buhnenwerder was used as a resting place, but probably not as a permanent settlement. A retouched flint blade was found on the island.
Fragments of a bowl dating from the late Roman imperial period from the 3rd to 4th centuries AD are also available. But even here no permanent settlement can be assumed.
Finds of some sherds from the western half of Buhnenwerder can be dated to the time of the Slavic settlement of the Brandenburg area.
In the 13th century the waters of the Plauer Lake District and its islands became the property of the Cistercian - Monastery of Our Lady at the lake to Lehnin on. The monastery managed this property mainly through fishing. The island of Buhnenwerder served the fishermen of the monastery as a temporary place of residence, which is still referred to today by a place in the west of the island called the "monastery site".
In the 19th century, the island served the farmers of the neighboring municipality of Kirchmöser , today a district of Brandenburg an der Havel, as a grazing area for sheep and goats. This prevented a natural occurrence of higher vegetation and a succession . The surface resembled a steppe landscape .
After 1920, the first small huts were built on the island. Wealthy landowners like Frau von Bornstedt built the first stone houses.
On March 25, 1926, the Brandenburg local group of the tourist association “Die Naturfreunde” (TVDN), a working class hiking club of the early 20th century with today's headquarters in Vienna , bought the Steinert brothers from Kirchmöser one hectare of land with a hut and boat for 1150 Reichsmarks on the island. The friends of nature started with extensions to the Steinertschen Hütte in order to offer their members a new, attractive weekend destination with accommodation. They planted Scots pine and birch trees on their property. A tragic accident overshadowed the activities of the association when on May 22, 1926 a boat with eight Naturefriends sank off the island. Two women and three men between the ages of 18 and 32 drowned. As a result of this misfortune, the friends of nature built a larger and weatherproof boat called "Nie Verzagt", which from then on was used for crossings and supply trips.
The Berlin engineer Walther Apel, who bought half of the island in 1928, worked hard to plant the island, which was still largely bare, and together with the master horticulturist Jens-Jörg Sörensen from Marzahne near Brandenburg an der Havel created a park-like landscape structure on the dune-like part its properties. A basic stock of pioneering plants such as the red oak from North America , the late-blooming bird cherry , native pine and birch was planted, which was able to cope with the barren soil conditions. This stock was supplemented by more exotic woods: pitch pine , hooks pine , Jeffrey pine , white pine , black pine , Bank pines , mountain pines , pin oaks and European, Japanese and Siberian larch . For the extensive planting work and for the construction of two summer houses, Apel employed workers from the village of Neuendorf not far from the Havelgemündes (today part of Brandenburg an der Havel). For them, the work during the recession was a welcome source of income. The island's wet meadows were regularly mowed by the farmers from Kirchmöser.
After the seizure of the German Nazis nature friends, who were the SPD and the KPD were close, expropriated. The property of the land, the refuge and the boat were sold to the National Socialist water sports club Kirchmöser for 500 Reichsmarks.
Immediately after World War II interned the Red Army , some of it freed Soviet prisoners of war , where a flat rate of treason and cowardice was accused in the open air on the island of Werder groynes. All landowners withdrew from the island and took everything useful.
The barracked people's police of the GDR later used the island as a training area, regardless of the continued ownership. The summer houses of Buhnenwerder were almost completely destroyed.
At the beginning of the 1950s, the FDJ held solstice bonfires on the island .
After an agreement with Walther Apel, the Kurt Weggen family from Brandenburg an der Havel began looking after the island on a purely private basis from 1950 onwards. With the entry into force of the 1st Nature Conservation Act of the GDR in 1954, Buhnenwerder also received protection status. The island became part of the landscape protection area of Brandenburg forest and lake area, later a "protected park". From 1960 Kurt Weggen succeeded in forming a working group of nature conservation workers for the care of the island. The environmental department of the city of Brandenburg provided material support for the work on the island and the state forestry company also helped with technology, and Oberforster Schulz often worked personally. In 1980 there was a generation change in the care of the island. Kurt Weggen's son Michael and his new work group have been looking after the island ever since. Since 1993 this group has been working as a non-profit association "Naturschutz Brandenburg eV"
The nature reserve "Buhnenwerder-Wusterau"
In March 1991 the city of Brandenburg an der Havel proposed Buhnenwerder together with the Wusterau peninsula as a joint nature reserve . Since 2002, Buhnenwerder and the neighboring Wusterau have had the status of a nature reserve.
It is home to rare and valuable plants and animals. Both vegetation and stocking are roughly similar to that of the Wusterau, although differences on the Wusterau with regard to the toxic soil properties there are to be noted. Buhnenwerder is also a popular destination for ornithologists . It is permitted to moor on the island at its northwest corner opposite the Wusterau peninsula . On the island there is a didactically and informatively very well and lovingly equipped nature trail leading around the island.
Web links
swell
- Brandenburg an der Havel and the surrounding area, a regional study in the area of Brandenburg an der Havel, Pritzerbe, Reckahn and Wusterwitz . Edited by Sebastian Kinder and Haik Thomas Porada on behalf of the Leibniz Institute for Regional Geography and the Saxon Academy of Sciences Leipzig, Böhlau Verlag Cologne Weimar Vienna, 2006, in the series Landscapes in Germany - Values of the German Homeland , Volume 69, ISBN 978- 3-412-09103-3
- Michael Weggen, lecture to the working group Stadtgeschichte Brandenburg am Havel, specialist group of the local group Brandenburg an der Havel in the Brandenburgischer Kulturbund eV: "On the history and development of Buhnenwerder", held on September 19, 2007
- Oliver Kersten: The Friends of Nature movement in the Berlin-Brandenburg region 1908–1989 / 90. Continuities and breaks. Berlin 2007 (at the same time dissertation, Freie Universität Berlin 2004) (Naturfreunde-Verlag Freizeit und Hiking), 416 pp. ISBN 978-3-925311-31-4
Footnotes
- ↑ a b Brandenburg an der Havel and surroundings, a regional history inventory in the area of Brandenburg an der Havel, Pritzerbe, Reckahn and Wusterwitz . P. 31, p. 266 f., P. 397.
- ↑ Wikipedia article: Wusterau
Coordinates: 52 ° 24 ' N , 12 ° 28' E