Calw Castle
| Calw Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
| Creation time : | before 1059 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall, built over | |
| Standing position : | Count | |
| Place: | Calw | |
| Geographical location | 48 ° 43 '2.3 " N , 8 ° 44' 6" E | |
|
||
The castle Calw is a Outbound high medieval hilltop castle above the Nagoldtal in the area of the present town of Calw in Baden-Wuerttemberg . It was the ancestral seat of the Counts of Calw in the 11th to 13th centuries . The name indicates the location on a bare (Old High German chalo ) mountain. Around 1600 the castle was demolished to build a palace .
history
Calw Castle was built in the middle of the 11th century at the latest, when Count Adalbert II moved his seat of power from Sindelfingen to Nagold. At the urging of Pope Leo IX. From 1059, Adalbert rebuilt the nearby St. Aurelius Monastery in Hirsau , founded by his ancestors . The Counts of Calw established numerous settlements in the northern Black Forest from their castle . In 1095 ownership passed to Adalbert's son Gottfried , who later became the Count Palatine on the Rhine. After Gottfried's death in 1131, Adalbert IV and Welf VI argued . about his inheritance. Adalbert occupied the Calw castle and later received it as a fief . After the Counts of Calw died out around 1260, the Calw property fell to the Counts of Tübingen-Böblingen and the Counts of Berg-Schelklingen . In 1308 and 1345 the Counts of Württemberg bought the town and castle of Calw. The decay of the castle is reported in the middle of the 16th century.
Little is known about the appearance and furnishings of the castle. It was well protected on the hill that sloped steeply on three sides. A double wall with four towers surrounded the courtyard and the buildings of the main castle . Under the "boiler tower" there was a narrow dungeon set into the rock . Another prison was located in the “Pfaffenturm”, presumably named after the spiritual inmates.
Castle construction
.jpg)
At the beginning of the 17th century, Duke Friedrich von Württemberg commissioned his master builder Heinrich Schickhardt to build a palace in place of the castle. With a length of 385 Schuh (110 m) and 280 Schuh (80 m) width, it was supposed to be larger than the Stuttgart Palace . Schickhardt developed its own architectural style for the monumental four-wing complex. The three-storey longitudinal tracts were structured by means of a centrally inserted arbor with round arches underneath . He designed the corners as protruding cubes, each with three oriels placed across corners . A south-facing portal led to the spacious inner courtyard.
From 1601 the ruins of the old castle were removed. After planning and purchasing the necessary land, the foundation stone was laid in 1606 in the presence of the duke. Almost two years later, after Friedrich's death in 1608, construction was stopped.
A military administration building was built on the Schlossberg in 1878 and now houses the Calw police station.
literature
- Paul Rathgeber: Castle and Castle Calw. In: District History Association Calw (Ed.): Once & Today. Contributions from the district history association Calw. Issue 14, 2003, pp. 41-47.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Irene Göhler: The Counts of Calw. In: Calw - History of a City. Calw 2006, ISBN 3-939148-02-4 , pp. 31-65.
- ↑ a b Hellmut J. Gebauer: The city and its development. In: Calw - History of a City. Calw 2008, ISBN 978-3-939148-11-1 , pp. 15-20.
- ^ Ehrenfried Kluckert: Heinrich Schickhardt in Calw and on the Nagold. In: District of Calw (ed.): The district of Calw. A yearbook. Volume 10, 1992, ISBN 3-926802-13-8 , pp. 144-153.
- ↑ Marina Lahmann, Jürgen Vogel: Buildings from old and new times. In: Calw - History of a City. Calw 2006, ISBN 3-9809615-7-5 , p. 103.