Groppenstein Castle
| Groppenstein Castle | ||
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 Groppenstein Castle northwest of Obervellach |
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| Creation time : | First mentioned in 1254 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, rocky location | |
| Conservation status: | essential parts received | |
| Place: | Obervellach | |
| Geographical location | 46 ° 56 '30 " N , 13 ° 10' 57" E | |
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The Burg Groppenstein is a Felsenborg northwest of Obervellach , near the mouth of the Mallnitzbachs in the Möll , on a sloping three sides rock above the location racks. It is also the namesake of the nearby Groppenstein Gorge . Today the castle is privately owned by Robert Schöbel.
history
Groppenstein Castle was first mentioned in a document in 1254 as "turris Cropensteine". At that time, Archbishop Philipp of Salzburg enfeoffed his archer Heinrich Swärhaupt with some possessions near Groppenstein. A ministerial of the Counts of Ortenburg named Pabo de Cropensteine witnessed this enfeoffment.
The castle tower could, however, have been built much earlier. Its name from the Old High German personal names Groppo (ahd. Groppo - Greenfinch, cress) derived.
At the end of the 13th or beginning of the 14th century, Groppenstein came into possession of the Counts of Gorizia . In 1324 Friedrich von Groppenstein appears as court clerk to Count Albrecht of Görz-Tirol .
Groppenstein was considered a tower castle for centuries , but it was referred to as a fortress as early as 1342. This year Konrad der Gröppler, whose son Jörg von Groppenstein called himself, is the carer. Veronika von Groppenstein was the last of her family to marry Wilhelm Graf von Schernperg.
Between 1470 and 1480, the Görzer ministerials expanded the castle into a late medieval fortification. During this time, Jakob Gröppel von Groppenstein also built today's palace .
When Veronika died in 1486, the property fell to her three sons. 20 years later, Emperor Maximilian I enfeoffed Christoph Graf with the castle. The Archbishop of Salzburg, Matthäus Lang, also gave him the custody of Goldegg in Pongau.
Around 1588, Bartholomäus Khevenhüller and Friedrich von Hollenegg , who had married into the Graf von Schernberg family, owned the castle complex. Groppenstein sold these to Adam Jakob von Lind in 1612.
From 1693 to 1870 the barons von Sternbach were the castle owners. Two years later, the Viennese architect Adolf Stipperger bought it. He carried out a complete Romanizing restoration of the already badly dilapidated castle, both outside and inside. This gave Groppenstein its current appearance.
Groppenstein has been permanently inhabited in the course of its history and is therefore very well preserved. Restoration work has been ongoing since 1968.
Building
The castle is three-story and essentially a building from the 15th century. The mighty, five-storey Romanesque keep has been preserved from the time it was built . The 23 meter high tower is connected on the second floor with the Gothic hall by a wooden bridge. The restoration of the palace in 1870 greatly changed its appearance. Modern chimneys were installed, a crenellated gable and large windows were installed. A coat of arms of the Counts of Schernperg from the mid-16th century can be seen on the Palas.
The castle courtyard is surrounded by the keep, the hall and a crenellated curtain wall . The defensive wall was renewed in the 19th century, as was the three-story gate tower. The western neck ditch can be crossed over a concrete bridge that replaced the drawbridge .
Late Gothic details have been preserved in the interior.
See also
literature
- Gerhard Stenzel: From castle to castle in Austria . Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1973, ISBN 3-218-00229-X .
- Georg Clam Martinic: Austrian Castle Lexicon. Castles and ruins, mansions, palaces and palaces . 2nd Edition. Landesverlag, Linz 1992, ISBN 3-85214-559-7 .
- Michael Leischner, Alois Brandstetter: Castles and palaces in Carinthia . Carinthia, Klagenfurt 2000, ISBN 3-85378-520-4 .
- Hermann Wiessner, Gerhard Seebach: Castles and palaces in Carinthia. Wolfsberg, Friesach, St. Veit . Birken, Vienna 1977.
Web links
- Entry via Groppenstein Castle to Burgen-Austria
- Website of the municipality of Obervellach Information on Groppenstein Castle
- Groppenstein Gorge