Hüls Castle
| Hüls Castle | ||
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 Castle ruins after restoration in 2007 |
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| Creation time : | from 1455 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Standing position : | Nobles | |
| Construction: | Brick | |
| Place: | Krefeld-Hüls | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 22 '29 " N , 6 ° 30' 44" E | |
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The Castle sleeve is a moated castle in Krefeld district sleeve ( Nordrhein-Westfalen ). It was built in 1455 when Archbishop Dietrich II von Moers allowed the knight Friedrich von Hüls to build a castle in the Bruch east of Hüls. Brick was used as a building material at that time .
This castle was the successor to an "old castle" near the open-air swimming pool, which went under before 1455. Archaeological investigations from 2011 suggest that it was a refuge or a hill.
The original seat of the Hülser knights could have been on an estate between the Beguinage “Klausur” and today's parish church; This is also suggested by a donation, according to which the knight Friedrich von Hüls bequeathed a garden to the monastery in 1419, where the stables used to stand and where the nuns are supposed to live. If the stables were - as can be assumed - part of the knightly estate, then the estate itself was also located at this point near the center of the village and the church.
For a detailed description of the historical glory of Hül see >>>
The name Hüls is derived from the Low German word "Hulis" for the husk bush, also known as holly . Hüls was first mentioned in a document in 1112. The knight family of the Lords of Hüls ruled the place from Hüls Castle until the 16th century, when in 1565 the last Hüls mistress, Katharina, died without a physical heir.
From the time from the 14th century onwards, there are documents handed down from the glory of Hüls in a language that is nowadays known across borders as Rhine-Maasland . Rhenish Maasland was a written and chancellery language of the upper classes in the Rhine-Maas triangle, but it was quite different from the "spoken language" of the common people, the local Hölsch Plott (Hülser Platt). Here is an example of an excerpt from an inheritance in 1363 between the knights Matthias von Hüls and his brothers Geldolf and Johann:
- I Mathys van Hulß, Mr. Walravens Soen ... I announce and give all Luiden onder my seal ... that I with volcomenen Rade ind will miner maege ind gelken with Geldolp ind with Johan, minen Broederen ... so what could be the right ones my van minem Vader storven sien ind here from miner Moder Frouwe Stynen van Hulß ansterven ind may fall na oeren Dode ... ( This is followed by further information and listed inheritance, including the "Hof aan dem Eynde", which means the one at the northern end of the village at that time Papenburg is meant, which later came to the Counts of Moers with the associated land).
In 1492 the castle was the scene of a witch trial against Nesgen tho Range vom Inrath .
The castle was destroyed several times in numerous armed conflicts in the 16th and 17th centuries, including in the Truchsessian War in the vicinity of the Battle of Hüls in 1583 and in the Thirty Years' War after the Battle of Hülser Heide in 1642. According to contemporary witnesses, the manor house of the castle finally collapsed on the night of Pentecost in 1686. Since then the castle has been a ruin that has not been rebuilt.
After the Hüls master families lost their sovereign rights in Hüls at the beginning of the 19th century and sold their property, they gave the castle to the children of the last Hüls bailiff, Anno Laurenz Rosen. The last bailiff's daughter, Franziska Rosen, bequeathed the castle to the Catholic parish of St. Cyriakus after her death in 1843. Shortly after 1950, the then independent municipality of Hüls acquired the castle ruins and the surrounding land. In the years 1954 to 1958, extensive clearing and uncovering work was carried out on the remains of the castle ruins. They were directed by the well-known local researcher and archaeologist Professor Albert Steeger and mainly carried out by the Hüls school children. The decisive factor for this was the construction of today's An der Burg elementary school.
The lack of structural maintenance, strong weather, uncontrolled and damaging vegetation, but also deliberate destruction resulted in the castle ruins being in an extremely poor condition towards the end of the 20th century. The city of Krefeld, now the owner of the ruins due to the incorporation of Hüls, had no money to renovate the castle. That is why the Hüls Heimatverein and the Hüls sports club decided to renovate this monument, which is important for Hüls, with volunteers. Planning began in 1998 and the first phase of construction in 2000. The area was cleared of vegetation and parts of the masonry of the manor house were rebuilt.
The second construction phase took place in 2001 and 2002, and the castle tower was renovated. To do this, the entire area had to be freed from the rubble of the old, largely collapsed tower. The walls were drained and bricked up, then heavy wooden ceilings were put in. Today there is a wedding room in the tower for weddings in a special atmosphere.
In the third construction phase, the battlement was rebuilt, from which one has a beautiful overview of the area today. The castle courtyard with its walls was also rebuilt and today offers an excellent setting for events. The adjoining primary school uses the castle as a “green classroom”. A path with benches leads around the castle; in the evenings it is illuminated by floor lights.
A fourth, planned construction phase has the goal of renewing the moat so that it continuously carries water.
An old well was also rediscovered during the work. Archaeologists from the Landesmuseum Burg Linn have carried out some excavations and found fragments of medieval ceramics. In addition, it has been proven that the water of the moat used to reach the walls.
To renovate the castle, members of both associations volunteered over 16,000 hours of work by the end of 2006. They were supported by local companies with numerous donations in kind. The two associations involved received the Krefeld Monument Prize in 2005 for their initiative.
literature
- Jens Wunderlich: The ruler of Hüls Castle and all of Krefeld. In: Ruler and Master Jens Wunderlich.
- Patrik Jülich, Christoph Reichmann: Excavations at the late medieval moated castle Hüls. In: Landschaftsverband Rheinland, Rheinisches Amt für Bodendenkmalpflege (Ed.): Archeology in the Rhineland . 2005 . Theiss, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-8062-2058-2 ( PDF ; 144 kB).
- Christoph Reichmann: Excavations at the castle ruins in Hüls. In: The home. Krefeld yearbook. Journal for homeland care in the Lower Rhine region. Vol. 76, 2005, ISSN 0342-5185 , pp. 73-83.
- Irmgard Hantsche: Atlas for the history of the Lower Rhine. Series of publications by the Niederrhein Academy Volume 4, ISBN 3-89355-200-6 .
- Georg Cornelissen: My grandma still speaks Platt. Greven Verlag, Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-7743-0417-8 , pp. 25-27.
- Werner Mellen: Hüls - a chronicle . Verlag H. Kaltenmeier Sons, Krefeld-Hüls, 1998, ISBN 3-9804002-1-2 .
