Busa dell'Adamo
| Busa dell'Adamo
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| Location: | Rovereto , Province of Trento , Italy | |
| Height : | 270 m slm | |
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Geographic location: |
45 ° 51 '41.6 " N , 11 ° 1' 48.9" E | |
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| Geology: | Sedimentary rocks | |
| Type: | Abri | |
| Lighting: | no | |
| Website: | www.archeotrentino.it/busa-delladamo (Italian) | |
Busa dell'Adamo ( German Adamsloch ) is an abri and a Stone Age site near Rovereto in Trentino . Based on the finds made by the archaeologist Paolo Orsi between 1881 and 1882, it was possible to determine that this area of the Adige Valley was already visited by people at the end of the Mesolithic .
location
The Abri is located on the orographic left side of the valley of Vallagarina on the southern edge of the Lizzana district belonging to Rovereto. It is located above the Brennerstaatsstraße on the northwestern foothills of Monte Zugna at 270 m slm and can be reached via a footpath from Lizzana in about 30 minutes on foot.
topography
The rock overhang consisting of sedimentary rocks was created by erosive processes during the Würm glacial period on the edge of an approximately 100 m long glacier basin. The latter was partly filled in by piles of rubble and stone and later changed in its original form by the creation of some agricultural terraces . The half-cave has an elliptical shape and is about 10 m deep, 3 m long and 2 m high. The soil of the Abri was completely removed and most likely used when creating the terraces in front of it. Next to the opening there is another smaller abri, about 1 m below the level of the cave floor, which is largely buried by rubble and can be seen at the beginning. The whole area is surrounded by coppice , which has also covered the scree slope.
discovery
The existence of the half-cave under the name Busa dell'Adamo was already known when the budding archaeologist Paolo Orsi came across the abri during a walk in 1881, which aroused his curiosity. After finding some flint stones and pottery shards in the area in front of the half-cave, Orsi explored the area further in November 1882.
Orsi, who had already led the excavations at the Grotta del Colombo near Mori , about 5 km away on the opposite side of the valley, on behalf of the city museum of Rovereto , was again entrusted with the management of the excavations. He had vertical profiles created for both and was thus one of the pioneers of stratigraphic archeology in Trentino.
Between November 8 and 14, 1882, two 4 to 6 long, 1 m wide and 1 m deep trenches and an almost square area that reached a depth of 1.35 m were dug from the Abri until boulders of rubble were impossible to dig further made. In addition, an attempt was made to reveal the smaller, buried Abri, but this was unsuccessful due to the blocked material. Due to the limited funds available to the museum, Orsi had to forego exposing the buried Abril.
When Bernardo Bagolini and Adriano Rigotti investigated the site in 1975, the attempt to uncover the smaller, buried Abri failed.
meaning
During the explorations and excavations carried out by Paolo Orsi between 1881 and 1882, a total of 56 worked flints, which served as handles and mostly only preserved in fragments, as well as some pottery shards were recovered. The flint had been broken and worked on site, as evidenced by the chips of a half-worked flint block found during the excavation. The finds lay in several strata of black earth, which Orsis judged to be of organic origin and formed from the waste of the Abrib inhabitants. In his excavation report, Orsi noted that a few years earlier the farmers had found numerous animal bones of domestic and wild animals on the area, of which, however, he found no traces. In his report, he dated the site to the earlier Neolithic based on the finds and was the first to hypothesize that humans had already frequented the Adige Valley in the early Neolithic. Orsis's assumption was confirmed in the studies carried out in 1975. According to Bagolini and Rigotti, it can be assumed that the Abri Busa dell'Adamo was visited by people in the transition period from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic.
Only a few of the finds uncovered by Orsi are kept in the city museum in Rovereto, as most of them were lost during the two world wars.
literature
- Bernardo Bagolini, Adriano Rigotti: Busa dell'Adamo (Lizzana) . In: Preistoria Alpina , vol. 11, 1975, pp. 320-322. PDF
- Gianni Curletti: Paolo Orsi nella storia dell'archeologia trentina . In: Atti del Convegno Paolo Orsi e l'archeologia del '900: Rovereto, 12-13 maggio 1990 . Musei civici, Rovereto 1991.
- Willy Dondio: La regione atesina nella preistoria Volume I: Il Trentino Alto-Adige e le zone limitrofe dalle orgini all'età del rame . Raetia, Bozen 1995, ISBN 88-7283-070-2 .
- Aldo Gorfer: Al di là della storia: i grandi capitoli della ricerca archeologica nella regione tridentina . Temi, Trient 1980.
- Michele Lanzinger, Franco Marzatico, Annaluisa Pedrotti (eds.): Storia del Trentino. Volume I: La preistoria e la protostoria . il Mulino, Bologna 2000, ISBN 88-15-08369-3 .
- Paolo Orsi: Relazione degli scavi eseguiti alla Busa dell'Adamo . In: Annali dei Musei civici Rovereto. Sezione Archeologia, Storia, Scienze naturali. Volume 1 , Rovereto 1985.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Busa dell'Adamo. In: archeotrentino.it. June 6, 2016, accessed August 10, 2020 (Italian).
- ↑ a b Bernardo Bagolini, Adriano Rigotti: Busa dell'Adamo (Lizzana) p. 320.
- ↑ Aldo Gorfer: Al di là della storia: i grandi capitoli della ricerca archeologica nella regione tridentina p. 139.
- ↑ Gianni Curletti: Paolo Orsi nella storia dell'archeologia trentina . In: Atti del Convegno Paolo Orsi e l'archeologia del '900: Rovereto, 12-13 maggio 1990 pp. 42-43
- ↑ Paolo Orsi: Relazione degli scavi eseguiti alla Busa dell'Adamo S: 68-70.
- ↑ Bernardo Bagolini, Adriano Rigotti: Busa dell'Adamo (Lizzana) pp. 321–322.