Buscha (Ukraine)
| Buscha | |||
| Буша | |||
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| Basic data | |||
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| Oblast : | Vinnytsia Oblast | ||
| Rajon : | Jampil district | ||
| Height : | 108 m | ||
| Area : | 2.87 km² | ||
| Residents : | 847 (2001) | ||
| Population density : | 295 inhabitants per km² | ||
| Postcodes : | 24523 | ||
| Area code : | +380 4336 | ||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 21 ' N , 28 ° 7' E | ||
| KOATUU : | 0525680801 | ||
| Administrative structure : | 4 villages | ||
| Address: | вул. Гоголя буд. 23 24523 с. Буша |
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| Website : | Municipal Council website (Ukrainian) | ||
| Statistical information | |||
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Buscha (Ukrainian Буша ; Russian Буша , Romanian Buşa ) is a village in Jampil Rajon in Vinnytsia Oblast in southwest Ukraine with about 810 inhabitants (2001).
The village is located in Podolia at the mouth of the Bushanka ( Бушанка ) in the Murafa , which forms the border with Moldova here.
The village is the administrative center of the district council of the same name , to which the villages Derschanka ( Держанка ), Doroshiwka ( Дорошівка ) and Sloboda-Buschanka ( Слобода-Бушанська ) belong.
history
The village, first mentioned in writing in the 16th century, was given city status in the early 17th century. Around 1629 this city had about 2000 inhabitants.
Buscha gained historical importance through the Peace of Busza , a peace treaty between Poland-Lithuania and the Ottoman Empire , which was signed on September 23, 1617.
In the middle of the 17th century, Buscha, part of the Bracław Voivodeship , an administrative unit of Poland-Lithuania, was also the scene of various battles between Poles and Ukrainian Cossacks .
The fortress
In the second half of the 17th century, a fortress with 6 towers was built in the center of the city, which was under the rule of an administrative and military unit called the Bratslav Regiment, which in turn belonged to the regiment of the Ukrainian Cossacks.
During the war of the Cossacks against Poland under Bohdan Khmelnyzkyj (1648–1657) the fortress was attacked several times by the Polish army. In 1654 the castle could no longer withstand the attacks and was completely destroyed.
A tower is the only remaining relic and only gives an idea of the power of days gone by.
The end
Although Buscha with his fortress formed a strong defense for the Ukrainian Cossacks for a long time, for example when an attack by around 3,000 Polish soldiers was successfully repelled in March 1654, the fortress was opened in November of the same year by a 60,000-strong Polish army during destroyed by the Russo-Polish War .
About 70 women were able to escape from the fortress with their children and sought refuge in another castle nearby. The Poles decided not to follow them as their army was already considerably weakened by the never-ending resistance of the fortress residents.
After the fortress was destroyed, Buscha was soon stripped of city status.
Social and cultural background
Historical settlements around Buscha go back to various historical civilizations, such as the Cucuteni-Tripolje culture (around the 11th century BC), the Scythians (4800–3000 BC) and the Chernyakhov culture (2.– 5th century AD). From 400 to 800 AD, ancient East Slavic tribes reached the area around Buscha during the great migration.
In 1629 about 2000 people lived in the city. The Podillaregion, in which Buscha is located, was inhabited by Ukrainians, Poles, Romanians and Armenians, as well as people of German origin. In addition to the Ukrainian Greek Catholic and Orthodox Churches, part of the Jewish community of Ukraine can be found here, which, according to the World Jewish Congress, was the third largest Jewish community in Europe.
Cultural legacies in Buscha include:
- a 5th century pagan temple
- Ruins of the fortress including the town hall and an old city tower
- an old cemetery from the 18th century
- four archaeological sites from the Tripolje culture, the Bronze Age, the Iron Age and the Scythian period
There is also a park with neo-ethnic sculptures and extraordinary caves that can be found near the village. They were covered with sand until the 20th century, so they were only recently discovered. Even the Dalai Lama visited the site and described it as a very special place where the earth is said to be connected to God and the universe.
Today the village has 850 inhabitants. Agritourism in the form of ecotourism has increased noticeably in the region over the past few years.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Local history of Buscha in the history of the cities and villages of the Ukrainian SSR ; accessed on November 24, 2017 (Ukrainian)
- ↑ Busha castle. (No longer available online.) April 16, 2011, archived from the original on April 16, 2011 ; accessed on November 24, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Busha. Retrieved November 24, 2017 .
- ↑ Welcome to Ukraine. Retrieved November 24, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c Зеленый туризм. Буша, Винницкая обл. Ямпольский р-н Green tourism in Ukraine. Busha. Retrieved November 24, 2017 .
- ^ Sacral Places of Power in Ukraine. Retrieved November 24, 2017 .
