Butanols

The butanols are a group of four isomeric saturated alcohols with four carbon atoms. They have the general molecular formula C ₄ H ₁₀ O and a molar mass of 74.12 g / mol. This means that all four structural isomers of the butyl group are represented, some of which differ significantly in their properties. The tert- butanol is the only solid. The 2-butanol is chiral and forms two stereoisomeric forms.

The partial oxidation of the primary butanols ( n- butanol and isobutanol) leads via the butanals to the butanoic acids . The secondary butanol ( sec -butanol) oxidizes to butanone .

Butanols

Surname

other names

n -butanol

iso- butanol

sec -butanol

tert -butanol

Structural formula

(chiral)

CAS number

71-36-3

78-83-1

78-92-2

75-65-0

PubChem

263

6560

6568

6386

ECHA InfoCard

74.12 g / mol

liquid

firmly

Melting point

−89 ° C

−108 ° C

−115 ° C

26 ° C

boiling point

118 ° C

108 ° C

99 ° C

83 ° C

density

0.81 g cm ⁻³ (20 ° C)

0.80 g cm ⁻³ (20 ° C)

0.81 g cm ⁻³ (20 ° C)

0.79 g cm ⁻³ (20 ° C)

Vapor pressure

6.67 hPa (20 ° C)

11.8 hPa (20 ° C)

16.5 hPa (20 ° C)

41.2 hPa (20 ° C)

Solubility
in water

77 g l ⁻¹ (20 ° C)

85 g l ⁻¹ (20 ° C)

125 g l ⁻¹ (20 ° C)

completely miscible

Flash point

35 ° C

27 ° C

23 ° C

11 ° C

Ignition temperature

325 ° C

430 ° C

390 ° C

470 ° C

GHS
label
from EU regulation (EG)
1272/2008 (CLP)

danger

Caution

danger

H and P phrases

226-302-318-315-335-336

226-335-315-318-336

226-319-335-336

225-332-319-335

no EUH phrases

210-280-302 + 352-304 + 340-305 + 351 + 338-313

210-280-302 + 352-305 + 351 + 338

210-304 + 340-305 + 351 + 338

210-305 + 351 + 338-403 + 233

Tox data

790 mg kg ⁻¹ ( LD ₅₀ , rat , oral )

2460 mg kg ⁻¹ ( LD ₅₀ , rat , oral )

2190 mg kg ⁻¹ ( LD ₅₀ , rat , oral )

2740 mg kg ⁻¹ ( LD ₅₀ , rat , oral )

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Entry on 1-butanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 25, 2019(JavaScript required) .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Entry on 2-methyl-1-propanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 25, 2019(JavaScript required) .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Entry on 2-butanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 25, 2019(JavaScript required) .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Entry on 2-methyl-2-propanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 25, 2019(JavaScript required) .

[GESTIS_n-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Entry on 1-butanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 25, 2019(JavaScript required) .

[GESTIS_iso-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Entry on 2-methyl-1-propanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 25, 2019(JavaScript required) .

[GESTIS_sec-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Entry on 2-butanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 25, 2019(JavaScript required) .

[GESTIS_tert-4] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Entry on 2-methyl-2-propanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 25, 2019(JavaScript required) .