CXCR6
| CXCR6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 342 AS ; 39.3 kDa | |
| Secondary to quaternary structure | 7TM | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene names | CXCR6 , BONZO, CD186, STRL33, TYMSTR | |
| External IDs | ||
| Occurrence | ||
| Parent taxon | Vertebrates | |
CXCR6 (short for CXC-motif-chemokine receptor 6 , also BONZO , CD186 , seven transmembrane receptor-like from clone 33 (STRL33) , T lymphocyte-expressed seven-transmembrane domain receptor (TYMSTR) ) is a receptor protein from the chemokine receptor family . This receptor occurs in particular on the surface of activated T lymphocytes . The CXCR6 density is particularly high on memory T cells and on activated T H 1 helper cells and cytotoxic T C 1 cells . CXCR6 is activated by a cytokine , the CXC motif chemokine CXCL16 , and plays a role in the targeted migration ( chemotaxis ) of T cells in inflammation and in the function of the spleen. In addition, it can be used as a co-receptor for docking by the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and by various strains of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
biochemistry
structure
CXCR6 is a transmembrane protein from the group of G-protein-coupled receptors that is encoded by a gene on chromosome 3 gene locus 3p21. The CXCR6 gene consists of two exons , which are located in the 14th intron of the FYCO1 gene.
Receptor activation
CXCR6 is activated by binding its ligand CXCL16. After activation of the receptor, the signal is passed on via G i proteins . Furthermore, the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), the PIP3-dependent kinase 1 (PDK-1), the protein kinase B , the IκB kinase and NF-κB are activated.
function
CXCR6 and its ligand CXCL16 are particularly responsible for the targeted migration of T lymphocytes. Due to the proliferation-promoting effect on cells of the smooth muscles of the blood vessels and a recruitment of T lymphocytes, a role in arteriosclerosis is assumed. On the other hand, the CXCR6 ligand CXCL16 has arterioprotective properties.
Like many other chemokine receptors, CXCR6 can serve as a co-receptor for the docking and penetration of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) and type 1 HI viruses (HIV-1).
Individual evidence
- ^ Murphy PM: International Union of Pharmacology. XXX. Update on chemokine receptor nomenclature . In: Pharmacol Rev . 54, No. 2, 2002, pp. 227-229. PMID 12037138 .
- ^ Kiss H, Yang Y, Kiss C, et al. : The transcriptional map of the common eliminated region 1 (C3CER1) in 3p21.3 . In: Eur. J. Hum. Genet. . 10, No. 1, January 2002, pp. 52-61. doi : 10.1038 / sj.ejhg.5200758 . PMID 11896456 .
- ↑ a b Chandrasekar B, Bysani S, Mummidi S: CXCL16 signals via Gi, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt, I kappa B kinase, and nuclear factor-kappa B and induces cell-cell adhesion and aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation . In: J. Biol. Chem. . 279, No. 5, January 2004, pp. 3188-96. doi : 10.1074 / jbc.M311660200 . PMID 14625285 .
- ↑ a b Zernecke A, Shagdarsuren E, Weber C: Chemokines in atherosclerosis: an update . In: Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol . 28, No. 11, November 2008, pp. 1897-908. doi : 10.1161 / ATVBAHA.107.161174 . PMID 18566299 .
- ↑ Aslanian AM, Charo IF: Targeted disruption of the scavenger receptor and chemokine CXCL16 accelerates atherosclerosis . In: Circulation . 114, No. 6, August 2006, pp. 583-90. doi : 10.1161 / CIRCULATIONAHA.105.540583 . PMID 16880330 .
- ↑ Alkhatib G, Liao F, Berger EA, Farber JM, Peden KW: A new SIV co-receptor, STRL33 . In: Nature . 388, No. 6639, July 1997, p. 238. doi : 10.1038 / 40789 . PMID 9230431 .
- ↑ Liao F, Alkhatib G, Peden KW, Sharma G, Berger EA, Farber JM: STRL33, A novel chemokine receptor-like protein, functions as a fusion cofactor for both macrophage-tropic and T cell line-tropic HIV-1 . In: J. Med.. . 185, No. 11, June 1997, pp. 2015-23. PMID 9166430 . PMC 2196334 (free full text).