Campanula spatulata

Campanula spatulata
	Campanula spatulata subsp. spruneriana
Systematics
	Asterids
	Euasterids II
Order :	Astern-like (Asterales)
Family :	Bellflower family (Campanulaceae)
Genre :	Bluebells ( campanula )
Type :	Campanula spatulata
Scientific name
	Campanula spatulata
	Sm.

Campanula spatulata is a plant from the genus of bellflowers ( Campanula ) in the family of bell flower plants (Campanulaceae).

description

Campanula spatulata subsp. spatulata , illustration from Sibthorp & Smith: Flora Graeca. Volume 3, plate 203

Vegetative characteristics

Campanula spatulata is a perennial herbaceous plant . It forms a beet-shaped root as a long-term organ and short stolons . The thin, ascending stems are usually 20 to 30 (5 to 50) centimeters high. The leaves are papilose or smooth and more or less notched. The basal leaves are rounded to spatulate and stalked, the upper stem leaves are sessile, lanceolate and pointed .

Generative characteristics

One to five flowers are formed per stem . The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The calyx teeth are lanceolate- submerged and weakly keeled and have two to four small glandular teeth. The crown is dark blue to lilac in color, funnel-shaped and divided about half into oval-shaped, elongated tips.

The obverse-conical capsule fruits are furrowed.

Occurrence

Campanula spatulata is widespread in Greece and extends in the north to southern Albania , Macedonia and southern Bulgaria . Campanula spatulata subsp. spatulata thrives in the high mountains of mainland Greece and Evia . The second subspecies, Campanula spatulata subsp. spruneriana replaces the typical subspecies at lower altitudes below 1000 meters and occurs on other islands ( Samothrace , Northern Sporades , Kythira ). The third subspecies, subsp. filicaulis , is endemic to the lower and middle altitudes of central and eastern Crete . The two subspecies found in the lowlands occur on limestone in Phrygana and more advanced stages of succession . It often grows under the protection of the thorn-beaver-nelle ( Poterium spinosum ) and other thorn bushes and thus escapes grazing .

Systematics

The first publication of Campanula spatulata was by James Edward Smith .

Campanula spatulata is divided into three subspecies:

Campanula spatulata subsp. spatulata : The stems are shortened, only 5 to 25 cm long and usually have only one flower. The central stem leaves are mostly elongated, elliptical or obverse-shaped and sessile or very short-stalked. The crown is short with a tube 6 to 11 millimeters long. The calyx lobes are two to three times longer than the capsule fruit. The flowering period extends from June to August. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20.
Campanula spatulata subsp. spruneriana (Hampe) Hayek : The stems are 15 to 50 cm long and multi-flowered. The middle stem leaves are usually lanceolate-pointed and sessile. The crown is large with a 10 to 15 millimeter long tube. The calyx lobes are three to six times longer than the capsule fruit. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20.
Campanula spatulata subsp. filicaulis (Halácsy) Phitos : The stems 15 to 50 cm long, thread-like, greatly elongated and flexible. The central stem leaves are ovate or elliptical and have a short to long stalk. The crown is narrow, funnel-shaped with a tube up to 10 millimeters long. The calyx lobes are two to three times longer than the short, inverted cone-shaped capsule fruit. The flowering period extends from (March to) April to June.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c A. A. Fedorov: Campanula. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae) . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 79–80 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
^ ^A ^b Dimitrios Phitos: Contributions to the Flora Hellenica. In: Negotiations of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna. Volume 103-104, 1964, pp. 223-230, PDF file .
↑ ^a ^b Ralf Jahn, Peter Schönfelder: Excursion flora for Crete . With contributions by Alfred Mayer and Martin Scheuerer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1995, ISBN 3-8001-3478-0 , p. 295 .
↑ Erwin Bergmeier: On the importance of grazing for the Greek Phrygana. In: Reports of the Reinhard Tüxen Society. Volume 8, 1996, pp. 221-236.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Per Hartvig: Campanula L. In Arne Strid, Kit Tan (ed.): Mountain Flora of Greece. Volume Two . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 1991, ISBN 0-7486-0207-0 , pp. 373–374 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

Web links

Commons : Campanula spatulata - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Campanula spatulata subsp. spatulata

First description of the species in John Sibthorp, James Edward Smith: Florae Graecae prodromus. Volume I, 1806-1809

Campanula spatulata subsp. spruneriana

First description in Flora. Volume 25

Campanula spatulata subsp. filicaulis

[FE4-1] A. A. Fedorov: Campanula. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae) . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 79–80 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).

[Phitos1964-2] A ^b Dimitrios Phitos: Contributions to the Flora Hellenica. In: Negotiations of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna. Volume 103-104, 1964, pp. 223-230, PDF file .

[JS-3] Ralf Jahn, Peter Schönfelder: Excursion flora for Crete . With contributions by Alfred Mayer and Martin Scheuerer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1995, ISBN 3-8001-3478-0 , p. 295 .

[Bergmeier1996-4] Erwin Bergmeier: On the importance of grazing for the Greek Phrygana. In: Reports of the Reinhard Tüxen Society. Volume 8, 1996, pp. 221-236.

[MFG2-5] Per Hartvig: Campanula L. In Arne Strid, Kit Tan (ed.): Mountain Flora of Greece. Volume Two . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 1991, ISBN 0-7486-0207-0 , pp. 373–374 ( limited preview in Google Book search).