Camponotus compressus

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Camponotus compressus
Queen of Camponotus compressus

Queen of Camponotus compressus

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera)
Family : Ants (Formicidae)
Subfamily : Scale ants (Formicinae)
Type : Camponotus compressus
Scientific name
Camponotus compressus
( Fabricius , 1787)

Camponotus compressus ( English black ant or common black ant ) is a South Asian type of ants generic carpenter ant ( Camponotus ) from the subfamily of the formicinae (Formicinae).

features

The ants are black, which is the name given to the ants (Formicidae) in English . The size of the workers varies between 6 and 16 millimeters. This makes them one of the largest ants in their area of ​​distribution. They have relatively large eyes , brownish legs and antennae, and a noticeably shiny abdomen.

Five castes are distinguished: queens , males and three non-reproductive workers, named according to their size in English: major , media and minor .

Worker of Camponotus compressus in the care of scale insects

Way of life

nutrition

Camponotus compressus prefers sucrose and is (like many ants) aphidophilic , that is, they live with scale insects and other beak insects (Hemiptera) in trophobiosis and take their sugary secretions ( honeydew ) for nutrition. In return, they look after their myrmekophile guests, e.g. B. defend them against ladybugs . Camponotus compressus are often found in toilets because they consume urea when there is a lack of sugar .

The following are known as trophobionts:

Social life

Camponotus compressus , like most ants, are colonizing , but their states are very large and the workers travel long distances to get food. Before they were sexually active, queens and males are active according to the diurnal rhythm . Fertilized females behave arrhythmically during egg-laying. The large workers ( major ) are nocturnal, while the medium-sized ( media ) are only 75% nocturnal.

Bivouac raft

Camponotus compressus can overcome bodies of water or monsoon floods by means of rafts , in which the individual female animals and larvae chain themselves with their legs and bodies.

distribution

Camponotus compressus is found in India and Southeast Asia and was introduced to the United Arab Emirates by humans . They are among the most common ants in India.

Systematics

Eleven subspecies have been described:

  1. C. c. brullei (Smith, 1858)
  2. C. c. compressus (Fabricius, 1787)
  3. C. c. cosensis Finzi, 1930
  4. C. c. irakensis Menozzi, 1927
  5. C. c. martensi Forel, 1907
  6. C. c. nitens Bernard, 1953
  7. C. c. occipitalis Stitz, 1917
  8. C. c. probativus Santschi, 1921
  9. C. c. pupillus Santschi, 1939
  10. C. c. rectinotus Santschi, 1921
  11. C. c. symiensis Forel, 1910

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f P. N. Krishna Ayyar: The biology and economic status of the common Black Ant of South India - Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) compressus, Latr. In: Bulletin of Entomological Research 26, No. 04, 1935, pp. 575-585, doi : 10.1017 / S0007485300036932 .
  2. ^ A b P. S. Shetty: Gustatory preferences of ants (Camponotus compressus) for urea and sugars. In: Experientia 38, No. 2, 1982, S: 259-260, doi : 10.1007 / BF01945100 .
  3. ^ A b c Vijay Kumar Sharma, Shahnaz Rahman Lone, Anubhuthi Goel, MK Chandrashekaran: Circadian consequences of social organization in the ant species Camponotus compressus . In: Naturwissenschaften Volume 91, 2004, pp. 386-390, doi : 10.1007 / s00114-004-0544-6 .
  4. ↑ Keshava Mysore, KA Subramanian, RC Sarasij, Arvind Suresh, Baragur V. Shyamala, K. VijayRaghavan, Veronica Rodrigues: Caste and sex specific olfactory glomerular organization and brain architecture in two sympatric ant species Camponotus sericeus and Camponotus compressus (Fabricius, 1798) . In: Arthropod Structure & Development , 2009, doi : 10.1016 / j.asd.2009.06.001 .
  5. ↑ Gaurav Sharma, R. Sundararaj: Association of ants and honeydew producing sucking pests in Bangalore Provenance of Sandal (Santalum album Linn.) ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . (PDF) In: Biological Forum , 3, No. 2, 2011, pp. 62–64.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.researchtrend.net
  6. ↑ C. Anderson, G. Theraulaz, J.-L. Deneubourg: Self-assemblages in insect societies . In: Insectes Sociaux , Vol. 49, No. 2, May 2002, pp. 99-110, doi : 10.1007 / s00040-002-8286-y .
  7. ↑ Cedric A. Collingwood, Barbara J. Tigar, Donat Agosti: Introduced ants in the United Arab Emirates . In: Journal of Arid Environments . Volume 37, No. 3, November 1997, pp. 505-512, doi : 10.1006 / jare.1997.0309 .
  8. ↑ FA Bisby, YR Roskov, TM Orrell, D. Nicolson, LE Paglinawan, N. Bailly, PM Kirk, T. Bourgoin, G. Baillargeon, D. Ouvrard: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalog of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading 2011, UK. Retrieved June 10, 2015.

Web links

Commons : Camponotus compressus  - album with pictures, videos and audio files