Caspar Commelin
(from left to right) Hendrik van Bronkhorst, Jeronimo de Bosch, Daniël van Buren, Martinus Haesbaert, Caspar Commelin and Joost ter Pelkwijk
Caspar Commelin (* 1668 in Amsterdam ; † 1731 there ; also Caspar Commelijn ) was a Dutch botanist . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " C.Commelijn ".
Life
Caspar Commelin was the son of his father of the same name, Caspar Commelin (1634–1693) and his first wife Margrieta Heydanus (1639–1669). He was a nephew of Jan Commelin .
On September 12, 1692 he enrolled at the University of Leiden as a medical student and finished his studies there on February 27, 1694 with the font De lumbricis . After graduating, he returned to his hometown of Amsterdam. Peter Hotton referred him to Frederik Ruysch , who employed him in 1696 as a botanist at the Hortus Medicus in Amsterdam. His first botanical work appeared that same year as Flora Malabarica ; it is a plant register that opens up the 12-volume Hortus Indicus Malabaricus by Hendrik Adriaan van Rheede tot Draakenstein .
On March 19, 1699, he married Johanna Vogel, who died in 1704 and left him her son Caspar (1700–1734), who worked as a doctor.
In 1701 he completed the second part of the work Horti medici Amstelodamensis plantarum , which his uncle Jan Commelin had begun. Since that year he has been teaching alongside Ruysch as a lecturer for exotic plants (two of his lectures were published in 1703). He also made the plant regulations for Maria Sibylla Merian's Surinam book Metamorphosis insectorum Surinamensium .
On July 17, 1705 he married his second wife Maria van den Bosch. In 1706 he became titular professor of botany at the Athenaeum Illustre in Amsterdam . From 1711 he was inspector of the Collegium Medicum and thus jointly responsible for the reform of the Amsterdam Pharmacopoeia in 1726.
On October 26, 1704 Caspar Commelin with the academic surname Mantias I was elected member ( matriculation no. 258 ) of the Leopoldina . On August 28, 1715 he became a corresponding member of the Académie des Sciences .
Honor taxon
Charles Plumier named the Commelins honor the genus Commelina the plant family of commelinaceae (Commelinaceae). Carl von Linné later took over this name.
Fonts (selection)
- Flora Malabarica sive Horti Malabarici catalogus exhibens omnium eiusdem Plantarum nomina, quae è variis, tum veteribus tum recentioribus Botanicis collegit, & in ordinen Alphabeticum digessit . Leiden 1696.
- Plantarum usualium horti medici Amstelodamensis Catalogus . Amsterdam 1698.
- Praeludia Botanica ad Publicas Plantarum exoticarum demonstrationes, dicta in Horto Medico, cum demonstrationes exoticarum 3 Octobris 1701, & 29 Maii 1702 . Leiden 1703 ( online ; with 33 plates, engraved by Pieter Sluyter )
- Horti medici Amstelaedamensis Plantae Rariores et Exoticae Ad vivum aeri incisae . Leiden 1706 - with 48 plates, engraved by Pieter Sluyter
- Botano-Graphia a nominum barbarismis restituta, quam Florae-Malabaricae nomine celebrem, alphabetice ordinavit . Leiden 1718.
proof
literature
- Wilfrid Blunt: The Art of Botanical Illustration: An Illustrated History . Dover Publications, 1994, ISBN 0-486-27265-6 .
- Gordon Douglas Rowley: A History of Succulent Plants . Strawberry Press, 1997, ISBN 0-912647-16-0 .
- Johann Daniel Ferdinand Neigebaur : History of the imperial Leopoldino-Carolinische German academy of natural scientists during the second century of its existence. Friedrich Frommann , Jena 1860, p. 203 digitized
- DO Wijnands: The Botany of the Commelins: A taxonomical, nomenclatural, and historical account of the plants depicted in the Moninckx Atlas and in the four books by Jan and Caspar Commelin on the plants in the Hortus Medicus Amstelodamensis, 1682-1710 . Balkema, Rotterdam 1983, ISBN 90-6191-262-8 .
- Nieuw Nederlands Biographical Woordenboek . Leiden 1911-1937.
Individual evidence
- ↑ baptized October 14, 1668; buried on December 25, 1731 ( Casparus Commelin . In: Biografisch Portaal van Nederland ).
- ^ Maria Sibylla Merian: Maria Sibylla Merian to the readers . In: Metamorphosis insectorum Surinamensium . Amsterdam 1705 ( online )
- ^ List of members since 1666: Letter C. Académie des sciences, accessed on October 31, 2019 (French).
- ^ Charles Plumier: Nova Plantarum Americanarum Genera . Leiden 1703, p. 48.
- ^ Carl von Linné: Critica Botanica . Leiden 1737, p. 92.
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Genera Plantarum . Leiden 1742, p. 23.
Web links
- Member entry of Caspar Commelin at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on 21 January 2018th
- Author entry and list of the described plant names for Caspar Commelin at the IPNI
- Works in the catalog of the Berlin State Library
- Commelin - Our Family Genealogy Pages
- Illustration of a pelargonium (presumably Pelargonium zonale ) in Praeludia botanica, on a University of Delaware page . The Latin headline reads in German: "African geranium tree with lady 's mantle leaf and red blossom".
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Commelin, Caspar |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Commelijn, Caspar |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Dutch botanist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | baptized October 14, 1668 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Amsterdam |
| DATE OF DEATH | buried December 25, 1731 |
| Place of death | Amsterdam |