Dwarf gorse
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Regensburg dwarf gorse ( Chamaecytisus ratisbonensis ) |
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Broom or Zwerggeißklee ( Chamaecytisus Link ) is a genus of dwarf shrubs of the family of legumes (Fabaceae).
features
They are dwarf shrubs that can bear thorns . Only thornless species are native to Central Europe. The leaves are clearly stalked. They are three-pinnate, the leaflets are entire. Stipules are absent.
The flowers are in clusters at the end of this year's shoots, drawn together like a head and surrounded by a wreath of bracts. Or the flowers stand individually up to four on lateral short shoots in leaf axils of the previous year's shoots. The flower stalk is one to six millimeters long and shorter than the calyx.
The calyx is tubular and two-lipped with a two-toothed upper lip and a three-toothed lower lip. The calyx teeth are not cut as deep as the lips. The crown is yellow. It is rarely white or red. The flag is longer than the wing and the shuttle. The shuttle is almost straight and blunt. The 10 stamens are all fused. The stylus is rolled up. The flowers have a folding mechanism and are pollinated by long-nosed bumblebees .
The pods are sessile in the calyx and significantly longer than the calyx. they are compressed and black in color. They contain eight to 16 seeds . The pods spring open when ripe, they are centrifugal fruits, the dwarf gorse spreads out of the water. The seeds are lenticular and two to four millimeters in diameter. You have an elaiosome . The seeds are spread by ants ( myrmecochory ).
Systematics
The genus dwarf gorse is placed within the tribe Genisteae in the Subtribus Genistinae, together with Laburnum , Cytisophyllum , Cytisus , Ulex and Genista . There are around 40 species, 35 of which are found in Europe. The genus was first described by Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link in 1831 in the manual for the identification of the most useful and most common plants .
The species native to Central Europe are:
- Purple dwarf gorse ( Chamaecytisus purpureus (Scop.) Link ) in Carinthia and South Tyrol, as well as in the Southern Alps and the Dinaric Mountains.
- Austrian dwarf gorse ( Chamaecytisus austriacus (L.) Link ) in the Pannonian region
- Regensburg dwarf gorse ( Chamaecytisus ratisbonensis (Schaeff.) Rothm. )
- Gorse head ( Chamaecytisus supinus (L.) Link )
- Wire-haired dwarf gorse ( Chamaecytisus hirsutus (L.) Link )
- White dwarf gorse or white goat clover ( Chamaecytisus albus (Hacq.) Rothm .; Syn .: Cytisus albus Hacq. ): The home is south-eastern Europe to central Europe, where the species occurs in Moravia.
Other types (selection):
- Chamaecytisus creticus (Boiss. & Heldr.) Rothm. : It only occurs in Crete.
- Sprouting dwarf gorse ( Chamaecytisus proliferus (L. f.) Link ) - Canarian endemic
literature
- Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive (CD-Rom), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 569 .
- ^ A b Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
- ↑ Entry in Tropicos