Charles Frédéric Dubois

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Charles Frédéric Dubois (born May 28, 1804 in Barmen (now part of Wuppertal ), † November 12, 1867 in Brussels ) was a Belgian naturalist.

Live and act

Driven by the desire to become an artist, Dubois attended the Düsseldorf Art Academy before finally settling in Aachen as a painter. In his free time he devoted himself to natural science and his natural history collection, which consisted of many exhibits from the Rhine Province . At first he was reluctant to give up art and establish himself in industry. In 1836 he published the monthly magazine Das Museum or Naturgeschichtlicher Atlas in lifelike images from the animal, plant and mineral kingdoms, and detailed descriptions of them for educated readers of all classes . Between 1835 and 1839 he published 22 booklets that made up his book Ornithological Gallery . In 1839 he described the yellow-billed duck ( Anas undulata ), which was new to science . The book was published in octave format and contained 145 color plates with descriptive text. His publications brought him a reputation among leading scientists, so that he became an honorary member of numerous learned societies. In 1851 he offered numerous bird hides for sale at Montange de la Cour No. 9 in Brussels. When he published his first plates for Planches coloriées des Oiseaux in 1854 , Johann Friedrich Naumann (1780–1857) wrote a review of the first thirty deliveries that was very critical. On the one hand, he did not find any news and on the other hand, he mentions that the depiction of the same birds in other works was partly better illustrated. In particular, he criticizes the perspectives from which Dubois drew the birds. Ernst Gotthelf Gersdorf's (1804–1874) criticism of the individual issues of the Ornithological Gallery was even worse . So he wrote u. a. ...

“This company is aiming for a mere picture book, because everything scientific is missing. One hardly ever finds an authority, much less a citation. If the illustrations were excellent, this could be overlooked. "

…or…

"Nobody except the author would like to believe that the illustrations are more correct and that his descriptions are more detailed than you usually find them in the well-known natural history."

During this time, Aachen was surrounded by swamps, so that Dubois fell ill with malaria . The doctors advised him to leave the area and so the family moved to Brussels, where he established himself as a naturalist . Eleven years later in 1851 he began his work on the birds of Europe ( Les Oiseaux de l'Europe et leurs œufs, décrits et dessinés d'après nature ), in 1859 a work on the butterflies of Belgium ( Les lépidoptères de la Belgique, leurs chenilles et leurs chrysalides décrits et figurés d'après nature ). He was not allowed to publish these works while still alive and so it was his son Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois (1839–1921) who completed them and finally published them posthumously .

Dubois also published several articles and several professional journals, such as Naumannia by August Carl Eduard Baldamus (1812-1893), Journal für Ornithologie by Jean Louis Cabanis (1816-1906) or Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée by Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville ( 1799–1874), as well as in his son's archive cosmologiques .

Plagued by a weak heart, he suffered a stroke in 1866 , which eventually led to complete paralysis . Knowing his imminent death, he continued to watch. These observations were also written down by his son and involved in his work.

literature

  • Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois: Necrology . In: Archives cosmologiques. Revue des sciences naturelles, avec leurs applications à la médecine, à l'agriculture, aux arts et à l'industrie . 1867, p. 314-315 ( books.google.de [accessed December 21, 2015]).
  • Christian Gottfried Andreas Giebel : Thesaurus ornithologiae: Repertory of the entire ornithological literature and nomenclator of all genera and species of birds, including synonyms and geographical distribution . tape 1 . Brockhaus, Leipzig 1872 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Johann Friedrich Naumann: Planches coloriées des Oiseaux de la Belgique, et de leurs Œufs . In: Naumannia. Archive for ornithology, preferably in Europe: Organ of the German Ornithological Society . tape 4 , 1854, p. 388-395 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Ernst Gotthelf Gersdorf: [1437] Ornithological Gallery . In: Repertory of the entire German literature . tape 5 , Issues 1 & 2, 1835, pp. 48 ( reader.digitale-sammlungen.de [accessed December 24, 2015]).
  • Ernst Gotthelf Gersdorf: [313] Ornithological Gallery . In: Repertory of the entire German literature . tape 7 , Issues 3, 4 & 5, 1836, pp. 303–304 ( reader.digitale-sammlungen.de [accessed December 24, 2015]).
  • Ernst Gotthelf Gersdorf: [797] Ornithological Gallery . In: Repertory of the entire German literature . tape 12 , issues 6 to 10, 1837, pp. 204–205 ( reader.digitale-sammlungen.de [accessed December 24, 2015]).
  • Ernst Gotthelf Gersdorf: [1864] Ornithological Gallery . In: Repertory of the entire German literature . tape 18 , Issues 11 to 14, 1838, pp. 244 ( reader.digitale-sammlungen.de [accessed December 24, 2015]).
  • Ernst Gotthelf Gersdorf: [1757] Ornithological Gallery . In: Repertory of the entire German literature . tape 22 , issues 16 to 22, 1839, pp. 250 ( reader.digitale-sammlungen.de [accessed December 24, 2015]).

Works (selection)

  • Natural history of the birds of Europe, with their well-known nests, eggs and their pictures drawn from nature . tape 1 . Jacob Anton Mayer, Aachen 1835 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Ornithological gallery or pictures of all known birds . No. 1-22, 1835-1839 . JA Mayer, Aachen.
  • Prix-Courant par Ch. F. Dubois, Naturaliste, Montagne de la Cour No. 9 à Bruxelles (affranchir.) . In: Naumannia. Archive for ornithology, preferably in Europe: Organ of the German Ornithological Society . tape 2 , 1851, pp. 87-90 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Planches coloriees des oiseaux de la Belgique et de leurs oeufs . tape 1 . C. Muquardt, Brussels / Leipzig / Gent 1854 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Planches coloriees des oiseaux de la Belgique et de leurs oeufs . tape 2 . C. Muquardt, Brussels / Leipzig / Gent 1857 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Description et figure d'une nouvelle espèce d'Euphonia . In: Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée (=  2 ). tape 11 , 1859, p. 49-50 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Notes nido-oologiques . In: Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée (=  2 ). tape 12 , 1860, p. 62-65 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Planches coloriees des oiseaux de la Belgique et de leurs oeufs . tape 3 . C. Muquardt, Brussels / Leipzig / Gent 1860 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Note sur le nid du Megalophus regius, Vigors . In: Archives cosmologiques: revue des sciences naturelles, avec leurs applications à la médecine, à l'agriculture, aux arts et à l'industrie . 1868, p. 5–6 ( books.google.de [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Note sur le Plautus impennis, Brünnich . In: Archives cosmologiques: revue des sciences naturelles, avec leurs applications à la médecine, à l'agriculture, aux arts et à l'industrie . 1868, p. 33–35 ( books.google.de [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Note sur un nouvel Oiseaux: Tangrella dubusii, Mihi . In: Archives cosmologiques: revue des sciences naturelles, avec leurs applications à la médecine, à l'agriculture, aux arts et à l'industrie . 1868, p. 118 ( books.google.de [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Remarques sur le Turdus Naumanni . In: Archives cosmologiques: revue des sciences naturelles, avec leurs applications à la médecine, à l'agriculture, aux arts et à l'industrie . 1868, p. 128 ( books.google.de [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Variétés lépidoptérologiques . In: Archives cosmologiques: revue des sciences naturelles, avec leurs applications à la médecine, à l'agriculture, aux arts et à l'industrie . 1868, p. 160–161 ( books.google.de [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • Note sur le nid du Phaëthornis Eurynomus, Swains. In: Archives cosmologiques: revue des sciences naturelles, avec leurs applications à la médecine, à l'agriculture, aux arts et à l'industrie . 1868, p. 163 ( books.google.de [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • with Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois: Les Oiseaux de l'Europe et leurs oeufs, décrits et dessinés d'après nature . tape 1 . Librairie C. Muquardt, Merzbach et Falk Succ, Brussels 1868 ( gallica.bnf.fr [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • with Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois: Les Oiseaux de l'Europe et leurs oeufs, décrits et dessinés d'après nature . tape 2 . Librairie C. Muquardt, Merzbach et Falk Succ, Brussels 1872 ( gallica.bnf.fr [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • with Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois: Les lépidoptères de la Belgique, leurs chenilles et leurs chrysalides décrits et figurés d'après nature . tape 1 . Librairie C. Muquardt, Merzbach et Falk Succ, Brussels 1874 ( gallica.bnf.fr [accessed December 23, 2015]).
  • with Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois: Les lépidoptères de la Belgique, leurs chenilles et leurs chrysalides décrits et figurés d'après nature . tape 2 . Librairie C. Muquardt, Merzbach et Falk Succ, Brussels 1880 ( gallica.bnf.fr [accessed December 23, 2015]).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois: Nécrologie. P. 314.
  2. ↑ Christian Gottfried Andreas Giebel, p. 11.
  3. ^ Charles Frédéric Dubois ( Ornithological Gallery ), p. 119, plate 77.
  4. ^ Charles Frédéric Dubois ( Prix-Courant ), p. 87 f.
  5. ^ Johann Friedrich Naumann, p. 389.
  6. ^ Ernst Gotthelf Gersdorf (1835), p. 48.
  7. ^ Ernst Gotthelf Gersdorf (1839), p. 250.
  8. ↑ Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois: Nécrologie. P. 315.
personal data
SURNAME Dubois, Charles Frédéric
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Du Bois, Charles; Dubois, Carl Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Belgian naturalist
DATE OF BIRTH May 28, 1804
PLACE OF BIRTH Barmen
DATE OF DEATH November 12, 1867
Place of death Brussels