Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois

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Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois (1839-1921)

Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois (born October 18, 1839 in Aachen , † June 1, 1921 in Koksijde ) was a Belgian zoologist , ornithologist and animal illustrator .

Live and act

The family on his father's side came from France. Alphonses last French ancestor was François Dubois, born in Paris in 1726 , who later worked as a teacher in Darmstadt. The other descendants lived in Germany. Shortly after Dubois' birth, his father Charles Frédéric Dubois (1804–1867) moved with his family to Brussels. Alphonse Dubois lived most of his life there and was naturalized in Belgium in 1874. Here he received his basic and economic education at the middle school and his humanities education at the high school ( Athénée ). He studied at the Free University of Brussels , where he did his PhD in natural sciences.

In the journal La Belgique horticole published by Charles Jacques Édouard Morren (1833–1886), he published a series of articles from 1863 to 1864 that dealt with the usefulness of different animal species for the plant world. Morren recognized the added value of these articles for science and advised Dubois to take part in a competition organized by the Société d'horticulture de Belgique . His contribution to the competition was a textbook on forest and agricultural entomology (Traité d'entomologie horticole, agricole et forestière, exposé méthodique des insectes nuisibles et utiles) with a length of 232 pages and four tables, with which he also won. In 1865 he obtained a doctorate in science. His dissertation dealt with the pathological anatomy of meningeal hemorrhages ( Quelques considérations sur l'anatomie pathologique des hémorrhagies méningées ).

He founded the specialist magazine Archives cosmologiques. Revue des sciences naturelles avec leurs applications à la médecine, à l'agriculture, aux arts et à l'industrie , published monthly between 1867 and 1869. When his father died in 1867, he completed and published the works he had begun, Les lépidoptères de la Belgique and Les Oiseaux de l'Europe . In 1869 Dubois was appointed curator for higher vertebrate animals at the Muséum des sciences naturelles de Belgique .

His four-volume monumental work Faune des vertébrés de la Belgique contained 427 plates. He also worked with many daily newspapers such as L'Independance , Le Petit Bleu , Le Soir and L'Étoile Belge in their science section.

Dubois is committed to the protection of insectivorous birds, a concern that was implemented on April 21, 1873 by royal decree. In 1903 he became President of the Commission for the Refinement of the Existing Decree.

In Philogène Auguste Galilée Wytsman's (1866–1925) work Genera Avium he worked on the pelicans (Pelecanidae) (part 7, 1907), the turacos (Musophagidae) (part 8, 1907) and the hornbills (Bucerotidae) (part 13, 1911) .

Memberships and honors

Dubois was an Honorary Fellow of the American Ornithologists' Union , General Director of the Société ornitologiquique de la Belgique , Honorary President of the Société Ornitologiquique du Center de la Belgique , member of the Société zoologique de France , honorary member of the Société zoologique d'Amsterdam , since it was founded in 1876 Hungarian Ornithological Headquarters , the Ligues Royale Belge . In addition, he acted as a corresponding member of the Zoological Society of London and the Société nationale des sciences naturelles et mathématiques de Cherbourg , as a member of the national and international ornithological committee and the commission for studies of the national museum with the Belgian Congo in Tevuren .

In 1885 he was made a Knight of the Leopold Order. In 1894 he received the Order for Civil Merit, First Class, in 1905 the Order of Leopold II.

First descriptions by Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois

Dubois has described numerous species and subspecies that were new to science. These include chronological and a .:

species

  • Yucatanblaurabe ( Cyanocorax yucatanicus ( Dubois, AJC , 1875))
  • Brown Lorikeet ( Chalcopsitta duivenbodei ( Dubois, AJC , 1884))
  • Mourning cask ( Cacicus sclateri ( Dubois, AJC , 1887))
  • Dubois peacock ( Sporophila ardesiaca ( Dubois, AJC , 1894))
  • Dubois warbler ( Seicercus cebuensis ( Dubois, AJC , 1900))
  • Weynsweber ( Ploceus weynsi ( Dubois, AJC , 1900))
  • Near Quail ( Ptilopachus nahani Dubois, AJC , 1905)

Subspecies

The eagle species Spizaetus devillei Dubois, AJC , 1874, described by him after an animal in its youthful dress , is today a synonym for the Isido eagle Oraetus isidori .

Dedication names

Gustav Hartlaub (1814-1900) honored him in 1886 by naming a subspecies of the black- headed weaver ( Ploceus melanocephalus duboisi ), William Lutley Sclater (1863-1944) in 1922 in a subspecies of the trumpeter hornbird ( Bycanistes fistulator duboisi ). His name can also be found in the common name of the Dubois monkey ( Sporophila ardesiaca ) and the Dubois warbler ( Seicercus cebuensis ).

Fonts (selection)

  • Quelques considérations sur l'anatomie pathologique des hemorrhagies méningées . Imp.Rignoux, Paris 1859.
  • The utility of certains animaux pour la Campagne . In: La Belgique horticole. Journal des Jardins, des Serres et des Vergers . tape 13 , 1963, pp. 134-139 ( babel.hathitrust.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • The utility of certains animaux pour la Campagne . In: La Belgique horticole. Journal des Jardins, des Serres et des Vergers . tape 13 , 1963, pp. 217–221 ( babel.hathitrust.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • The utility of certains animaux pour la Campagne . In: La Belgique horticole. Journal des Jardins, des Serres et des Vergers . tape 14 , 1964, pp. 271-279 ( babel.hathitrust.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Traité d'entomologie horticole, agricole et forestière exposé méthodique des insectes nuisibles et utiles . Imprimerie et Lithographie de C. Annoot-Braeckmant, Brussels 1864.
  • with Charles Frédéric Dubois: Les Oiseaux de l'Europe et leurs oeufs, décrits et dessinés d'après nature . tape 1 . Librairie C. Muquardt, Merzbach et Falk Succ, Brussels 1868 ( gallica.bnf.fr [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Conspectus systematicus et geographicus Avium Europaearum. Librairie C. Muquardt, Merzbach et Falk Succ, Brussels 1871.
  • with Charles Frédéric Dubois: Les Oiseaux de l'Europe et leurs oeufs, décrits et dessinés d'après nature . tape 2 . Librairie C. Muquardt, Merzbach et Falk Succ, Brussels 1872 ( gallica.bnf.fr [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Histoire Populaire Des Animaux Utiles De La Belgique . Etablissements Generaux D'imprimerie, Brussels 1873.
  • Descriptions d'un Spitaetus nouveaux . In: Académie royale des sciences, des lettres et des beaux-arts de Belgique . Series 2, volume 38 , 1874, p. 129-131 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Remarques morphologiques sur les espèces du sou-genre Xanthoura . In: Académie royale des sciences, des lettres et des beaux-arts de Belgique . Series 2, volume 38 , 1874, p. 488-494 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • with Charles Frédéric Dubois: Les lépidoptères de la Belgique, leurs chenilles et leurs chrysalides décrits et figurés d'après nature . tape 1 . Librairie C. Muquardt, Merzbach et Falk Succ, Brussels 1874 ( gallica.bnf.fr [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Descriptions de quelques oiseaux nouveaux . In: Académie royale des sciences, des lettres et des beaux-arts de Belgique . Series 2, volume 40 , 1875, p. 797-801 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • with Charles Frédéric Dubois: Les lépidoptères de la Belgique, leurs chenilles et leurs chrysalides décrits et figurés d'après nature . tape 2 . Librairie C. Muquardt, Merzbach et Falk Succ, Brussels 1880 ( gallica.bnf.fr [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Manuel de zoologie conforme aux progresses de la science . AN Lebègue, Brussels 1882.
  • Aperçu du règne animal or premières notions de zoologie . AN Lebègue, Brussels 1882.
  • Description d'un échidné et d'un perroquet inédits de la Nouvelle-Gunée . In: Bulletin du Musée royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique . tape 3 , 1884, p. 109–114, plates 4 & 5 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Les lépidoptères de la Belgique, leurs chenilles et leurs chrysalides décrits et figurés d'après nature . tape 3 . Librairie C. Muquardt, Merzbach et Falk Succ, Brussels 1884 ( gallica.bnf.fr [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Description de deux nouvelles espèces d'oiseaux . In: Bulletin du Musée royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique . tape 5 , 1887, p. 1-4, panel 1 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Revue des derniers Systeme ornithologiques et nouvelle Classification proposee pour les oiseaux . In: Mémoires de la Société zoologique de France . tape 4 , 1891, p. 96–116 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Les animaux nuisibles de la Belgique; histoire de leur mœurs et de leur propagation . Th. Falk, C. Muquardt, Brussels 1893.
  • Fauns des vertébrés de la Belgique . tape 1 . C. Muquardt, Brussels 1887 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Fauns des vertébrés de la Belgique . tape 2 . C. Muquardt, Brussels 1894 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Descriptions d'un nouveau Couroucou africain . In: Proceedings of the General Meeting for Science Business of the Zoological Society of London for the Year 1896 . 1896, p. 999–1000 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Remarques sur certains Oiseaux supposes nouveaux . In: Proceedings of the General Meeting for Science Business of the Zoological Society of London for the Year 1896 . 1897, p. 782-784 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Synopsis avium: nouveau manuel d'ornithologie . tape 1 . H. Lamertin, Brussels 1902 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Synopsis avium: nouveau manuel d'ornithologie . tape 2 . H. Lamertin, Brussels 1904 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Two new birds from the Congo (Free State) . In: Ornithological monthly reports . tape 8 , 1900, p. 69 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Remarques sur l'Orithologie de l'État indépendant du Congo: suivies d'une list of espèces recueillies jusqu'ici dans cet état . In: Annales du Musée du Congo . tape 1 : Zoologie , 1905, p. 1–36 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • in Philogène Auguste Galilée Wytsman: Steganopodes. Fam. Pelecanidæ in Genera Avium . No. 7 . V. Verteneuil & L. Desmet, Brussels 1907 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • in Philogène Auguste Galilée Wytsman: Picariæ. Fam. Musophagidæ in Genera Avium . No. 8 . V. Verteneuil & L. Desmet, Brussels 1907 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • in Philogène Auguste Galilée Wytsman: Picariæ. Fam.Bucerotidæ in Genera Avium . No. 13 . V. Verteneuil & L. Desmet, Brussels 1911 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Description d'oiseaux nouveaux du Congo Belge . In: Revue française d'ornithologie . tape 2 , no. 22 , 1911, pp. 17-18 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Sur quelques Oiseaux nouveaux ou peu connus . In: Mémoires de la Société zoologique de France . tape 7 , 1922, pp. 399-404 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).

literature

  • Marcel de Contreras: La manifestation Dubois . In: Le Gerfaut - Revue belge d'Ornithologie . tape 4 , no. 8 , 1914, pp. 118–122 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Laurent Coopman: Mort de M. Alphonse Dubois . In: Le Gerfaut - Revue belge d'Ornithologie . tape 11 , no. 2 , 1921, p. 37 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • William Lutley Sclater: Obituary Alphonse Dubois . In: The Ibis . Series 11, volume 3 , 1921, pp. 730-731 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • William Lutley Sclater: Notes on the nomenclature and taxonomy of African birds (no.2) . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 42 , no. 264 , 1922, pp. 44-47 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Theodore Sherman Palmer: Report of the Secretary . In: The Auk . tape 39 , no. 1 , 1922, pp. 95–99 (English, sora.unm.edu [PDF; 287 kB ; accessed on December 18, 2015]).
  • Gustav Hartlaub: Trois nouvelles espèces d'oiseaux rapportées des environs du lac Tanganya (Afrique Central) par le Captaine Ém. Current . In: Bulletin du Musée royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique . tape 4 , 1886, p. 143–146 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 18, 2015]).
  • Dean Amadon : What Is Spizaëtus Devillei Dubois? In: The Auk . tape 67 , no. 2 , 1950, p. 235–236 (English, sora.unm.edu [PDF; 147 kB ; accessed on December 19, 2015]).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marcel de Contreras, p. 120.
  2. ↑ Laurent Coopman, p. 37.
  3. ↑ a b c Marcel de Contreras, p. 120.
  4. ↑ a b c d e Marcel de Contreras, p. 121.
  5. ^ Theodore Sherman Palmer, p. 98.
  6. ↑ Dean Amadon, pp. 235-236.
  7. ↑ Gustav Hartlaub, p. 144.
  8. ^ William Lutley Sclater, p. 45.
  9. ↑ Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois (1894), p. 399.
  10. ↑ Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois (1900) Syn.Av. 1, p. 286.

Remarks

  1. ↑ The year 1920 is often found in the literature as the date of death. This could have arisen from a misunderstanding from Laurent Coopman's death note , as the year was not explicitly mentioned. But Coopman writes that he died at the age of 82. So he was 81 at the time of death and that is what he was on October 18, 1920. So he cannot have died on June 1, 1920 because he was 80 years old at that time.
personal data
SURNAME Dubois, Alphonse Joseph Charles
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dubois, Alphonse
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Belgian ornithologist
DATE OF BIRTH October 18, 1839
PLACE OF BIRTH Aachen
DATE OF DEATH June 1, 1921
Place of death Koksijde