Chartake

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Replica of the Tschartake in Burgau
Tschartake an der Lafnitz, the former border between Styria and Hungary, east of Burgau
Reconstructed ski jump and Tschartake of the Barockschanze near Gersbach in the Black Forest area
Replica of a Charter on the Eppinger Lines.

A chartake or charterque ( Persian : "four tree trunks" ) is a watchtower and an important part of the defense system at the time of the Ottomans .

construction

The original shape the name refers to was built from four logs. Chartaks came in different sizes depending on the number of defense units. Basically, the Chartaks were places of observation and defense. A characteristic architectural feature of the Chartaks is that they were built like a lookout tower and provided with palisades in the lower area . To Tschartake still around were often jumps , Verhacke , trenches and / or walls erected for additional protection from enemies.

Building a chartake was an undertaking that dragged on for several weeks. From the time of the Kuruzzenkriege in 1706 precise information about the fortifications of the Kuruzzenschanzen in eastern Styria is available. For a Tschartake for four men, thus a relatively small building (there were also Tschartaks for up to 20 men), which was to be built near Goritz near Radkersburg , about three km north of the city of Radkersburg , the following was estimated: 20 workers ( robots from the surrounding villages), eight columns of lumber of three fathoms each , 24 logs for the tram and wall benches, 18 logs for the lower and upper floors, 25 slats , 75 common drawers (thick boards), 400 slat nails , 1000 hinge nails, 67 trucks and 18 carpenters ' days and 54 carpenters' days of skilled personnel. Such a chartake came to 28 guilders and 24 cruisers (excluding the free robot work). In addition to the crew, an overseer was provided for two or three chartaks. For the reconstruction of another chartake, which had burned down to the supporting pillars, 30 guilders were estimated. There were also Tschartaks, which were additionally protected by a small redoubt ("redutierte Tschartaken"), whereby a redoubt was estimated at a cost of 40 guilders. For larger chartaks with a crew of around 12–15 men, you needed 32 room trees, six rafters , four whole trees for the pillars, 75 ordinary shops, 1500 shop nails.

history

The Ottomans took over this facility from their eastern border neighbors, the Persians , with whom they had long been enemies, and used it against their western enemies. This is how the Chartaks reached the Styrian - Hungarian border area and were again taken over by the "opponents". In the beginning they were built by the Styrians and Lower Austrians as part of the defense against the Ottomans and later increasingly used for defense against the Kuruzzen . Chartaks were usually laid out in lines to relay warning shots and other optical and acoustic messages, depending on the location of the terrain at intervals of about one to three kilometers. They were essential elements of defense lines, so between Radkersburg and Fehring there were 13 Tschartaken on approx. 27 km as the crow flies, between Fehring and Fürstenfeld from Raabtal to Lafnitztal on approx. 15 km as the crow flies there were 18-19 Tschartaken. The name of this warlike institution has been preserved up to our time. The buildings were also used on the baroque fortification lines in southwest Germany, here under the name Chartaque .

Nowadays there are only very few remaining chartaks. In some places, however, they were rebuilt and faithfully reproduced. In Burgau , for example, a Tschartake on the Lafnitz , which was once the border river between Austria and Hungary, was recreated in 1995 . Further replicas are located on the Eppinger Linien on the Neckar, Germany.

See also

Web links

Commons : Tschartaken  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Fritz Posch: Flaming Frontier. Styria in the Kuruzzenstürme. 1st edition. Verlag Styria Graz 1968. S. 203. 2nd edition as: Publications of the Steiermärkisches Landesarchives . Volume 5. Styria, Graz-Vienna-Cologne 1986. ISBN 3-222-11691-1 ZDB -ID 561078-3 .
  2. ↑ Posch: Flaming Frontier. P. 250.
  3. ↑ Posch: Flaming Frontier. Pp. 201, 203-204.
  4. ↑ Posch: Flaming Frontier. P. 194.
  5. ↑ Posch: Flaming Frontier. Pp. 194-203.
  6. ↑ Tschartaken , information and pictures about Tschartaken on tell.at
  7. ^ [1] Tschartake, Burgau, border guard house on the Kuruzzen hiking trail - homepage of the market town of Burgau
  8. ↑ http://www.tiscover.com/at/guide/5,de/objectId,SIG846187at/intern.html Die Tschartake - Burgauberg-Neudauberg, tiscover, Innsbruck, accessed February 7, 2016.
  9. ↑ http://www.sagen.at/fotos/showphoto.php/photo/7824/size/big Die Tschartaken, far.a, in: Sagen.at, August 26, 2007, accessed February 7, 2016