Chimakum languages

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Distribution of the Chimakum languages ​​before the arrival of the Europeans

Chimakum is a two-language family of languages spoken in northwest Washington state . The eponymous language Chimakum has died out. The family's other language, Quileute , still has about ten speakers. The Chimakum languages ​​may be distantly related to the Wakash languages , but their similarity can also be traced back to area contact phenomena.

Phonology

The phoneme inventory used for the two languages ​​on which the two languages ​​are based looks as follows:

labial Alveolar
stop		 Alveolar
fricative		 Lateral Palatal Velar Labialized
velar		 Uvular Labialized
uvular		 Glottal
Plosive ​p​ ​t​ ​ʦ​ ( ʧ )​​ ​k​ kʷ ​q​ qʷ ​ʔ​
Ejective p ' t ' ʦ ' t͡ɬ ' ( ʧ ' ) k ' kʷ ' q ' qʷ '
Fricative ​s​ ​ɬ​ ( ʃ )​​ ​x​ xʷ ​χ​ χʷ ​H​
Sonorous ​m​ ​n​ ​l​ ​j​ ​w​
Sonorant
Glottalized		 m̰ n̰ l̰ j̰ w̰

literature

  • Manuel J. Andrade: Quileute. In: Franz Boas : Handbook of American Indian Languages (= Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of Ethnology. Bulletin. 40, 3, ZDB -ID 799398-5 ). Volume 3. United States Government Printing Office, Washington DC 1933, pp. 152-292, (Also reprinted. Columbia University Press, New York NY 1933).
  • Manuel J. Andrade: Notes on the relations between Chemakum and Quileute. In: International Journal of American Linguistics. Vol. 19, No. 3, 1953, ISSN  0020-7071 , pp. 212-215, JSTOR 1263009 .
  • Manuel J. Andrade: Quileute Texts (= Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology. 12, ZDB -ID 435575-1 ). Columbia University Press, New York NY 1931.
  • Franz Boas: Notes on the Chemakum language. In: American Anthropologist. Vol. 5, No. 1, 1892, ISSN  0002-7294 , pp. 37-44, JSTOR 1263009 .
  • Lyle Campbell : American Indian languages. The historical linguistics of Native America (= Oxford Studies in Anthropological Linguistics. 4). Oxford University Press, New York NY et al. 1997, ISBN 0-19-509427-1 .
  • Marianne Mithun: The languages ​​of Native North America. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al. 1999, ISBN 0-521-23228-7 .