Christopher Hansteen
Christopher Hansteen (born September 26, 1784 in Christiania (now Oslo), † April 11, 1873 there ) was a Norwegian astronomer .
Life
Hansteen studied law in Copenhagen, then mathematics, became a teacher in Frederiksborg on Zealand and was appointed professor at Christiania University in 1814 because of a paper on geomagnetism . His “Investigations into the Earth's Magnetism” (Christiania 1819, with Atlas) gave rise to the fact that magnetic observations were made according to his method on almost all expeditions made since then. While observing terrestrial magnetism, he was in contact with Carl Friedrich Gauß .
Hansteen himself undertook many trips for this purpose, including one from 1828–1830, accompanied by Georg Adolf Erman from Berlin and Lieutenant Due from the Norwegian Navy to Siberia as far as Irkutsk and Kjachta . The results of this trip can be found in the "Travel memories from Siberia" (German by Sebald, Leipzig 1854) and in the main work: "Results of magnetic, astronomical and meteorological observations on a trip to Siberia" (Christiania 1863). The observatory at Christiania and the magnetic observatory in the park of the observatory were laid out under Hansteen's direction (see “Description and location of the university observatory in Christiania”, Christiania 1849).
Hansteen gave lectures on applied mathematics not only at the university, but also at the artillery and engineering school, and since 1837 headed the trigonometric survey of Norway. Under his direction, during the great Russian-Scandinavian latitude measurement from 1845 to 1860, the arc from Fuglenäs near Hammerfest was measured under 70 ° 40 'to Atjik under 68 ° 54'. Hansteen died in 1873.
Since 1821 he was a foreign member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In 1830 he became an honorary member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg and in 1833 a corresponding member of the Académie des Sciences . In 1840 he was elected to the Göttingen Academy of Sciences , 1845 to the Royal Society of Edinburgh and 1863 to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .
The Hansteen lunar crater and Mons Hansteen are named after him.
More fonts
- Lectures on astronomy
- Textbook of Geometry (Christiania 1835)
- Travel memories from Siberia (German, Leipzig 1854; French, Paris 1857)
- Mechanics textbook (Christiania 1836–1838)
- Norwegian almanac
From 1822 he edited the “Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne” with Lundh and Maschmann.
literature
- Karin Reich , Elena Roussanova (eds.): Carl Friedrich Gauß and Christopher Hansteen. The exchange of letters between the two scholars in a historical context, treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, New Series, De Gruyter 2015
Web links
- Publications of C. Hansteen in Astrophysics Data System
- C. Fearnley: Death Notice. Astronomische Nachrichten, Vol. 81 (1873), p. 273 (obituary to C. Hansteen)
Individual evidence
- ^ Franz Ritter von Kobell : Christoph Hansteen (obituary) . In: Meeting reports of the mathematical-physical class of the KB Academy of Sciences in Munich . tape 4 , 1874, p. 71–72 ( online [PDF; accessed February 20, 2017]).
- ^ Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1724: Hansteen, Christopher. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed November 23, 2019 (Russian).
- ^ List of members since 1666: Letter H. Académie des sciences, accessed on November 23, 2019 (French).
- ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 103.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hansteen, Christopher |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Norwegian astronomer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 26, 1784 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Christiania |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 11, 1873 |
| Place of death | Christiania |